tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-59783396875276616522023-07-17T21:55:18.254-07:00Best books to write an essay onWorld History Paper TopicsEllis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.comBlogger44125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-17453152280403858902020-09-03T22:17:00.001-07:002020-09-03T22:17:07.068-07:00Whether Taxation Is The Most Effective Solution To Market Failures?Talk about whether tax collection is the best answer for advertise disappointments emerging from negative externalities Market disappointment is the point at which the free market neglects to give a productive designation of assets. Negative externalities are the expenses to an outsider of a specific activity, and it is the place the social expense is more noteworthy than the private expense. Tax collection is an answer for right market disappointment which is emerging from negative externalities. Presenting an aberrant assessment, (an expense demanded on merchandise and ventures), can create a decrease in utilization of the great which produce the negative externalities.An backhanded duty can disguise the expense of the negative externality by demoralizing its creation. The administration puts an assessment on makers, which will expand their expenses of creation. This can be appeared in an outline. The expansion in expenses of creation will lessen flexibly and in this manner move t he gracefully bend in from S to S1 which brings about an increment in cost from P to P1 and a reduction in amount from Q to Q1. The assessment is demonstrated on the diagram as the distinction among S and S1. Be that as it may, the viability of this assessment relies upon the value flexibility of interest for the product.If the PED is inelastic, buyers will be lethargic to an adjustment in cost, so makers may give the majority of the taxation rate to shoppers, who will keep on purchasing the item. The expense set by the legislature must be equivalent to the size of the outside expenses related with the item, and this is hard to set particularly if the impact isn't quantifiable. On the off chance that the duty was set excessively low, it would be inadequate, and on the off chance that it was set excessively high, the customers may quit buying it inside and out, which may have other bothersome results. The measure of expense paid by the shopper is appeared by zone An, and the sum paid by makers is appeared by territory B.Ideally, makers should bear the full expense of the duty, yet products with inelastic interest may imply that they move this on to purchasers. Where shoppers pay more, this is where tax assessment is ineffectual at decreasing business sector disappointment as it has not diminished utilization of merchandise causing negative externalities. A motivation behind why aberrant tax collection might be successful in revising market disappointment is that the approach will produce income for the administration. The income gathered will be more noteworthy if the duty is determined to inelastic merchandise since this implies purchasers will pay for them paying little mind to an expansion in price.Also, the income assembled from the expense can be utilized to finance plans to decrease utilization of the item, for instance, instructing the more youthful individuals on the negative impacts of an activity. The income could likewise be utilized to address the m arket disappointment by limiting the impact on the outsiders. Another method of managing negative externalities is government enactment to address the market disappointment. Putting limitations on fault merchandise, (their utilization is more unsafe than acknowledged), can assist with diminishing business sector disappointment as it is their utilization that regularly prompts negative externalities arising.Legislation can be powerful, yet it takes a long effort to authorize and can likewise be expensive. Generally speaking, presentation of an aberrant assessment can diminish advertise disappointment which emerges from negative externalities. The decrease in flexibly that outcomes from the duty expands the cost and diminishes the amount, which causes a move along the interest bend. This expansion in cost may deflect customers from buying the great. Notwithstanding, it is hard to set the right measure of expense on the great, on the grounds that regularly, the negative impacts are not quantifiable, and their worth must be judged.It is significant that the degree of assessment is perfect, in such a case that it is set excessively low, it will be insufficient, and whenever set excessively high, customers may totally quit buying it, which may have other unfortunate impacts. The maker must compensation the more prominent extent of the duty, however on the off chance that the interest for the item is inelastic, they may move this on to buyers, who will follow through on for it paying little mind to the cost. All alone, tax collection may not be the best method of adjusting market disappointment emerging from negative externalities, however along with enactment, may give to be progressively compelling.. Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-51736827742236921462020-08-26T08:29:00.001-07:002020-08-26T08:29:04.329-07:00Oremââ¬â¢s General Theory of Nursing EssayHypothetical Framework As per Oremââ¬â¢s General Theory of Nursing, the hypothesis of self consideration shortfall results when self consideration office isn't satisfactory to satisfy oneself consideration need. Besides, it clarifies when individuals need nursing care and how individuals can be helped. In connection with Mrs. DNB, she can't play out any self consideration activities due to her confusions. Our job as a medical caretaker is to help and meet oneself consideration needs of our patient by controlling and coordinating to forestall any further disease, offering physical or mental help and keep up a peaceful situation to recuperate from their sickness. We as attendants should instruct our patient for them to figure out how to perform self consideration estimates which is significant for their recuperation. OREM SELF-CARE DEFICIT THEORY Oremââ¬â¢s reason for building up the Self-Care Framework was two-crease: she was attempting to locate the significance of nursing and to build up an assortment of nursing information in rendering care to the patient. Orem hypothesis has concentrated on the starting advancement of logical information in the field of nursing. In her hypothesis, Orem characterizes the four ideas that establish nursingââ¬â¢s metaparadigm, for example, wellbeing, nursing, condition and individual. Wellbeing In tending to the idea of wellbeing, Orem says wellbeing and solid are terms used to portray living things. It is the point at which they are fundamentally and practically entire or sound life. She further explains her situation by characterizing wellbeing as ââ¬Å"a condition of physical, mental, and social prosperity, and not just the nonappearance of infection or illness. NURSING-Orem considers nursing to be ââ¬Å"an workmanship through which the professional of nursing gives particular help to people with incapacities of such a character, that more prominent than normal help is important to address day by day issues for self consideration of their patient. Nursing comprises of activities intentionally chose and performed by medical attendants to support people or gatherings under their consideration to keep up or change conditions in themselves or their condition. Condition Orem considers condition to be incorporated by two dimensionsââ¬physical, concoction and biologic highlights and financial highlights. Physical, concoction, and biologic highlights incorporate things, for example, air, toxins, climate conditions, pets, irresistible life forms and such are significant in helping your customer recuperate from their condition. Individual Oremââ¬â¢s work in her humanistic class, the Self-Care Framework is most suitably positioned in the formative classification of information since it tends to self-care organization, self-care shortages, and remedial requests as they present all through life. Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-49650494639245358062020-08-22T20:54:00.001-07:002020-08-22T20:54:32.396-07:00Life Payments EssayIt is 10:33 AM. You are stir unexpectedly from your alert. You set yourself up for the day ahead. The day has been going admirably up until this point. It is currently 12:25 PM. You step into your vehicle wanting to stop at the best burger place around for lunch. The former are the exact opposite thing you recall when you wake up cold, sweat-soaked, and lazy from your trance like state. Evolving points of view, you are a relative at this point. Your sibling has been in an awful fender bender and is in a trance like state for thirteen days at this point. In what manner will you speak with him? By what means will you reveal to him that you love him and are here for him? In particular, how would you realize that he is as yet alive? For the individuals who donââ¬â¢t know, a trance like state is a persevering vegetative state, otherwise called PVS. Trance state is likewise characterized as a condition of practically all out lethargy to outside incitement in which the patient lies with his eyes shut. It is a condition where the ordinary subjective and open working of the patient is hampered. A trance like state may happen for different reasons, for example, inebriation, CNS (focal sensory system) infections, a genuine physical issue, and hypoxia (oxygen hardship). Be that as it may, there have been various cases over the world like the model referenced previously. A 26-year-old patient named Kate Bainbridge had a viral contamination which had placed her in a trance like state â⬠a condition that by and large perseveres for two to about a month, after which patients bite the dust, recuperate completely or, in uncommon cases, slip into a vegetative or an insignificantly cognizant state. (Tutton) And there is most eminently Rom Houben, otherwise called Patient 23. Allan Hall reports ââ¬Å"Alive yet lethargic, he has been in a state of extreme lethargy for a long time since he has been 24 years of age. Progressing research in the field of torpid correspondence has discovered that there might be little ââ¬Å"islandsâ⬠of awareness, even in relentless vegetative states, as such in Houbenââ¬â¢s case. Furthermore, this is the manner by which, through out cold correspondence and different strategies, for example, fMRIs, they had the option to reason that Houben was as yet alive in his body. This could be another case of how the cognizant is isolated from the physical body. So for what reason would it be advisable for you to mind? By what means would coma be able to work help patients, families, and parental figures? Extreme lethargies work advances the interior and outside ommunication of patients in adjusted cognizance. This can help patients to finish inward work and immediately come nearer to the surface, and now and again even such a distance out of extreme lethargies or other modified awareness. With metabolic trance like states development can be brisk and emotional. Imprint Tutton, a creator at CNN. com, reports ââ¬Å"a study completed a year ago on 103 patients by Laureys and his partners at Liegeââ¬â¢s Coma Science Group found that 41 percent of patients in a Minimally Conscious State (MCS) were misdiagnosed as being in the significantly more genuine Vegetative State (VS). Dr. Daniel Hanley, educator of nervous system science at Johns Hopkins Medicine, in Maryland, revealed to CNN that VS is a trance like state like state in which patients have a rest and wake cycle, and can show reflex biting, gulping and flickering, yet donââ¬â¢t react to language or incitement. â⬠With unconsciousness from horrendous mind injury and different causes, progress is generally moderate, yet quantifiable. Progress can be quickened if the mindfulness for trance like state correspondence is uplifted. Families and guardians are regularly mitigated to discover approaches to speak with friends and family and customers about treatment alternatives, life and passing choices, and love and individual association. Family and parental figures regularly feel approved about their impression of inconspicuous prompts they have taken note. Presently put the situation reversed and suppose you yourself were to be in a state of unconsciousness today. Wouldnââ¬â¢t you like an approach to tell your family that you are alive, are prepared to battle through it and come out of your PVS state? Definitely yes. Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-84620500351340074602020-08-22T07:34:00.001-07:002020-08-22T07:34:43.842-07:00HistopathologyQuestion: Talk about each area of histological recoloring with respect to the clinical history. Give detail portrayal of unique stains and their application. Answer: Presentation Stainingis a helping framework utilized in microscopyto patch differentiate in the microscopicalsamples.Staining has huge significance in histology and immunohistochemistry. Histological stains are customarily indispensable so as to watch cell plans and intracellular or extracellular constituents at the minuscule level. Histopathology is a significant device for diagnosing patients and discovering the specific infection they are enduring with (1). Stains are obtained either from regular sources or from artificially delivered. These stains are utilized in histopathology for identification of carcinomas, diseases and other tissue variations from the norm. The histopathological recoloring are reliant on recoloring of different cell parts, tissue shade, outside bodies and contagious or bacterial microorganisms (2). Histological recoloring are ordered dependent on biochemical and physical standards. The most generally utilized recoloring strategies are HE recoloring, uncommon recoloring a nd Immunohistochemical recoloring (5). The rule point of this report is to discover the issues in the given example by utilization of different recoloring strategies. Foundation data Haematoxylin and eosin stain(HE stain) is one of the principalstainsinvented forhistological purposes. It is the most widely utilized color inclinical diagnosisand is regularly gives thegold standard (3). This stain is significant in biopsycell perception of a suspectedcancer (4). A mix of haematoxylinandeosin producesblues orviolets, and reds shades. Haematoxylin ties to DNA and RNA and color the cores blue or violet. Eosin fixes to the proteins or amino acids and stains them red or pink (5). Intracellular cell film, cytoplasmic fibers in muscle tissue, and extracellular strands primarily get recolored by eosin (3). A disadvantage of haematoxylin recoloring is that it is contrary with immunofluorescence. Minute depiction of HE slide A HE recolored slide shows up under optical magnifying lens as follows: Blue or purple hued cores Cytoplasm, basophils, erythrocytes and muscles cells all seem red in shading Collagen and mitochondria are recolored pale pink (3) In the give slide the area demonstrated the followings: Central a run of the mill cells inside lower half squamous epithelium These cells have outward cores with clear cytoplasm Sub epithelium contain shade loaded macrophages There was no proof of obtrusive danger In the wake of looking at the clinical history and HE slide, no malignant growth cell explicit patter of buildup of heterochromatin was watched. Material and techniques The four chose stains dependent on minuscule perception were Perls, Masson-Fontana, PAS, and Masson Trichrome (Halls adjustment). Perls stain Perls stain was picked in light of the fact that the shade saw in the sub epithelium layer. PAS recoloring was performed to check if the epithelium shade is hemosiderin. This stain is primarily utilized in research facilities to find the event of iron stores in biopsy example (6). Ferriciron stores in the example tissue (existing normally as ferric iron inside the capacity proteinferritin) at that point respond with the reasonable ferrocyanide present in the stain to makes an insoluble bluedye (a complex hydrated ferric ferrocyanide substance)in situ. They are then envisioned under magnifying lens as blue or purple shades inside the cells (7).This recoloring equation is likewise well known as Perls Prussian blue recoloring procedure. To assess the outcomes discovered during HE recoloring Perls recoloring can be performed. It can affirm the past discoveries. Masson-Fontana stain This stain was additionally picked for the present of colors in the sub epithelium. Masson-Fontana stain will show positive outcomes if the shade is melanin and negative outcome for hemosiderin. This recoloring technique is intended for the histopathological examination of melanocytic injuries. It could be fundamental to recognize the melanin colors since its envisioning is a lot of unclear with haematoxylin-eosin (HE) recoloring (8). The Fontana-Masson (FM) strategy is utilized in histopathology in those sort of sore which allows the ID of the color. Fontana-Masson strategy is extremely compelling for the perception and recognizable proof of the melanin shade. It additionally has the advantage of heightening the typical birefringence of collagen strands and to explicitly recognize them with the assistance of energized light microscopy (9). Assorted techniques ought to be utilized and concluded in equal manners and a relationship of these results must be additionally actualized. Cons equently, for the evaluation and investigation of pigmented melanocytic slashes, the improvement of strategies that license a wide-extending valuation of sores in a histological example would be advantageous. PAS recoloring Occasional Acid Schiff (PAS) recoloring ought to be performed in view of disease recognition in connective tissue. The connective tissue shows the nearness of contagious contamination. This recoloring is a decent decision for featuring cellar cells. Unblemished storm cellar layer will dispose of the odds of intrusive carcinoma. PASstaining framework used to find polysaccharides, for example, glycogen, and mucosubstances, for example, glycolipids, glycoproteins, and mucins in tissues (10). PAS stain can be chosen to help in the finding of various wellbeing circumstances (11) like: Glycogen stockpiling ailment Ewing sarcoma Adenocarcinomas Alveolar delicate part sarcoma Paget ailment of the bosom Recoloring of macrophagesinWhipple's ailment Aspiratory alveolar proteinosis It very well may be used to diagnose1-antitrypsin deficiency if periportal liver hepatocytes stain is agreed Distinguishing proof of fungalinfection. The cell dividers of growths stain red. This stain just takes a shot at living parasites Totals of PAS-positive lymphocytes are available in epidermis inMycosis fungoidesand Sezary disorder called Pautrier small scale abscesses It is utilized to identify glycogen in lung biopsy tests with pneumonic interstitial glycogenosis (PIG) Erythroleukaemia, a leukemia of youthful red blood corpuscle. These cells tint a splendid fuchsia It very well may be utilized to highpoint overly cross-connected lipids considerations inceroid lipofuscinosis(NCL) The PAS stain is nearly in the same class as GMS recoloring in choice for parasitic contamination. It really uncovers contagious morphology predominant than the silver stain. This stain can shading broke down parasites that may not be noticeable on HE stain (11). Calcific bodies which are every so often found in caseating granulomas are likewise set apart with PAS recolor and can be mixed up as yeast-like organisms. It is the stain of decision to check the nearness of contagious disease and to show the cores of yeast-like cells. There are a few downsides of utilizing just the HE stain for parasites recognizable proof. It is frequently dangerous to isolate unwell recolored growths from cell components. Parasites can be surely unnoticed in HE recolored tests (3). The morphological structures may not be obvious and on occasion can be confounding. In this manner extraordinary stains for contagious disease location are basic for histopathological appraisal (2). Most organisms can be promp tly exhibited with the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). PAS is additionally indicated as expansive range parasitic stains. Schiff's reagent or PAS Kit is held under room temperature. Thus, no additional time is important to warm the reagent and the outcome is accomplished all the more quickly (11). Massons trichrome recoloring Masson's trichrome is a three-shading stainingprocedure applied inhistology. It is appropriate for differentiatingcells from nearby connective tissue (12). Massons trichrome recoloring was done to isolate sub-epithelial collagenisation. The nearness of uniform typical fibrosis can be identified by this recoloring which will take out the odds of squamous cell carcinomas. Weigert'shaematoxylin is applied for cores recoloring The Plasma stain containsacid fuchsin,glacial acidic corrosive, Xylidine Ponceau, and refined water Arrangement B containsphosphomolybdic acidin refined water Arrangement C additionally calledfibre stain. It contains Light Green SF yellowish, or alternativelyFast Green FCF. It is utilized to recolor collagen (15) Massons trichrome recoloring is adequately used to break down heart pathologies (infarct), solid pathologies (strong dystrophy), hepatic pathologies (cirrhosis) or kidney pathologies (glomerular fibrosis). Moreover, it very well may be used to distinguish and dissect tumors on kidney and hepatic biopsies (13). Immunohistochemistry stain Immunohistochemical recoloring is widely utilized in the finding of sporadic cell development, for example, those start in harmful tumours.AE1/AE3 can feature the squamous epithelium as this is a wide range cytokerain marker (14). In the event that carcinoma is available the cells will take up the cytokeratin stain. If not odds of intrusive danger will be precluded. Other histopathological stains A few different stains are accessible for performing distinctive histological tests. Mallory's trichrome stain is powerful for connective tissue, Weigert's flexible stain and Orcein stain are utilized for versatile strands, Heidenhain's AZAN trichrome stain for recognizing cells from extracellular segments, Silver stain for distinguishing proof of Reticular filaments, nerve strands and contagious diseases and Wright's stain is appropriate for histological trial of platelets. TheNissl methodandGolgi's methodare generally utilized for identifyingneurons (15). End The above conversation covers each segment of histological recoloring with respect to the clinical history. Point by point portrayal of extraordinary stains and their application is referenced. The insightful trials in the histopathological district are exceptionally essential to perceive the touchy cases for patients and exact test outcomes can guarantee a positive treatment. Along these lines, the ideal and powerful measures with unrivaled nature of result is critical for a definitive di Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-6029482476456392752020-08-21T18:36:00.001-07:002020-08-21T18:36:34.597-07:00Principles of Economics 3. part 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsStandards of Economics 3. section 6 - Essay Example Costs of products and enterprises don't change proportionately after some time. This implies a few costs rise more than others and buyers substitute items and administrations that have gotten generally more affordable. CPI exaggerates the average cost for basic items by barring the opportunities for item replacement. At the point when the nature of a decent disintegrates, the estimation of the dollar falls, and the other way around. Since changes in the quality are difficult to quantify, the crate ascertains costs on the presumption that quality is steady, which mutilates the CPI measures. Despite the fact that the CPI isn't great, together with different files like GDP deflator or PPI, it gives a generally helpful sign about the average cost for basic items for shoppers. CPI and other cost records are utilized to look at dollar esteems after some time, by considering the consequences for expansion. Reference: Mankiw, G. (2004) Part 24. Estimating the Cost of Living Principles of Economics pp. Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-72452449196851051882020-08-16T21:26:00.001-07:002020-08-16T21:26:02.835-07:00You have brains in your head.You have brains in your head. You can steer yourself, any direction you choose. Today was my first day at work. Due to a lovely and thick stacks of nondisclosure agreements and the threat of prison I cant tell you a whole lot about it, but I can give you a basic feel for what I do. Im given bags of action figure bits. Using my trusty Dremel, super glue, X-Acto, pliers, and anything else I need, I assemble all of the action figure bits into a full-blown (albeit unpainted) action figure! These action figures, models of next years toys, are then sent to packaging so that they have a solid model to mold plastic around and things. Apart from that Ill also be working with molds, cleaning pieces, and generally just being a helper around Hasbros model shop. Hasbro is AWESOME! I mean, lets face it, I work in a toy factory. Anywho, back to the first line of the post. I can steer myself any direction I choose, but that doesnt necessarily mean that Ill end up going that direction. I commute to and from work every day about an hour. I take a train to RI and then I take a train back. The trip there went really smoothly. The trip back was a little iffy. My main leg was fine, I made it to South Station from Rhode Island, but the train from South Station to MIT wasnt running (broken or something) so everybody was taken to a bus. I choose to steer myself: North! The bus driver chooses to steer: Wherever the (*@#)(*$ he wants, as long as it gets us completely lost and takes over an hour. Seriously, a 10 minute T ride took over an hour because the bus driver couldnt comprehend what a right turn only lane was. We circled the same huge park twice, in rush hour, on a crowded bus that wouldnt stop to let people out. It was kind of like something out of a horror movie, only real. I did eventually make it back to MIT and back into my room. Luckily, through all of it, I had my new toy that I bought at work today. Ordinarily $15.00, due to my uber-cool employee discount I got him at work for $7.00. My work has a toy store in it, does yours? In short, the T is normally a very reliable form of transportation, itll get you where you need to go, but sometimes it breaks. If it breaks, DONT TAKE THE BUS! Oh, and if you do, make sure you have a potato head to keep you company. Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-52388415980399584062020-06-21T16:01:00.001-07:002020-06-21T16:01:03.215-07:00Why do B-Schools Care About Extracurricular Activities While business schools deeply value your academic background, GMAT, and work experience, they also ascribe significant weight to your extracurricular and community service activities. Why? Because they want to see that you are an individual who is not just focused on work, that you have other passions, and that you are well rounded. Whether it be practicing sports, singing in your churchââ¬â¢s choir, or helping at soup kitchens, community service and extra-curricular activities are extremely important for you as an applicant beyond their feel-good value. Why do b-schools care about these activities? They: 1. Create a more holistic picture of you. You are not just the two-dimensional person going to work every day and taking it easy on the weekends. It shows them that you have other interests, and that youââ¬â¢re not afraid to take (mostly unpaid) responsibilities outside of your job. 2. Reveal traits that would probably not come out in the rest of the application: your leadership, initiative, passion, and interpersonal skills. People that are used to acting to the benefit of others make for better team players, whether in the community or the corporate world. Those traits are indispensable in order to succeed at b-school and later on in your career. 3. Indicate youââ¬â¢ll be an involved student and alum. Individuals who have a track record of community service, once they are in b-school, are likely to be involved in clubs, school initiatives and later, the alumni association. What if you havenââ¬â¢t volunteered or committed significant time to a non-professional activity and are planning to apply to business school this fall? Start today. You may think that adcoms will notice that this sudden increase in your extra-curricular commitments and community service coincides with the start of your application preparation, and you would be right. Theyââ¬â¢ll notice that, but they wonââ¬â¢t hold it against you. If anything, your initiative will help you. As the saying goes, better late than never. A little bit of community service is better than no community service at all. Why start right now? If you plan on applying to Round 1 deadlines, that would give you about three months of service or participation. By the time the schools invite you to interview, youââ¬â¢d have around six months under your belt. Those are six months of experience and anecdotes that can bring color to your interview. By your enrollment date, you would have done over a year of community work, an invaluable experience that would give you an advantage when you meet recruiters and start interviewing for internships. What if you donââ¬â¢t get admitted this time around? What if you have to reapply? No one knows what the future holds and in spite of your hard work and dedication, thereââ¬â¢s the chance that you will get waitlisted or, heaven forbid, denied admission. In this scenario, you would have 15 months of community service or non-professional commitment by the time you hit your application submit button next year, and that might make the difference the second time around. So, go and serve. Youââ¬â¢ll become a better applicant, and most importantly, a better person for it. Do you want a professional guide to help you with your MBAà application? Check out Acceptedââ¬â¢s MBA Application Packages forà general counseling, essay editing, interview prep,resume review, and more ââ¬â one package for every aspect of yourà application! ; Esmeralda Cardenal is a Former Associate Director of Admissions at Yale SOM, Director of MBA Admissions at MSU Broad, and consultant at Cardiff Business School in the UK. Since 2014, she has guided Accepted clients to acceptance in various graduate programs including MBA and master's in finance, business analytics, data science, sustainability, and public policy.à Want Esmeralda to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: â⬠¢ Leadership in Admissions, a free guide â⬠¢ 4 Ways to Show How Youââ¬â¢ll Contribute in the Future â⬠¢ 4 Tips for Writing About Last Minute Extracurricular Activities Why do B-Schools Care About Extracurricular Activities While business schools deeply value your academic background, GMAT, and work experience, they also ascribe significant weight to your extracurricular and community service activities. Why? Because they want to see that you are an individual who is not just focused on work, that you have other passions, and that you are well rounded. Whether it be practicing sports, singing in your churchââ¬â¢s choir, or helping at soup kitchens, community service and extra-curricular activities are extremely important for you as an applicant beyond their feel-good value. Why do b-schools care about these activities? They: 1. Create a more holistic picture of you. You are not just the two-dimensional person going to work every day and taking it easy on the weekends. It shows them that you have other interests, and that youââ¬â¢re not afraid to take (mostly unpaid) responsibilities outside of your job. 2. Reveal traits that would probably not come out in the rest of the application: your leadership, initiative, passion, and interpersonal skills. People that are used to acting to the benefit of others make for better team players, whether in the community or the corporate world. Those traits are indispensable in order to succeed at b-school and later on in your career. 3. Indicate youââ¬â¢ll be an involved student and alum. Individuals who have a track record of community service, once they are in b-school, are likely to be involved in clubs, school initiatives and later, the alumni association. What if you havenââ¬â¢t volunteered or committed significant time to a non-professional activity and are planning to apply to business school this fall? Start today. You may think that adcoms will notice that this sudden increase in your extra-curricular commitments and community service coincides with the start of your application preparation, and you would be right. Theyââ¬â¢ll notice that, but they wonââ¬â¢t hold it against you. If anything, your initiative will help you. As the saying goes, better late than never. A little bit of community service is better than no community service at all. Why start right now? If you plan on applying to Round 1 deadlines, that would give you about three months of service or participation. By the time the schools invite you to interview, youââ¬â¢d have around six months under your belt. Those are six months of experience and anecdotes that can bring color to your interview. By your enrollment date, you would have done over a year of community work, an invaluable experience that would give you an advantage when you meet recruiters and start interviewing for internships. What if you donââ¬â¢t get admitted this time around? What if you have to reapply? No one knows what the future holds and in spite of your hard work and dedication, thereââ¬â¢s the chance that you will get waitlisted or, heaven forbid, denied admission. In this scenario, you would have 15 months of community service or non-professional commitment by the time you hit your application submit button next year, and that might make the difference the second time around. So, go and serve. Youââ¬â¢ll become a better applicant, and most importantly, a better person for it. Do you want a professional guide to help you with your MBAà application? Check out Acceptedââ¬â¢s MBA Application Packages forà general counseling, essay editing, interview prep,resume review, and more ââ¬â one package for every aspect of yourà application! ; Esmeralda Cardenal is a Former Associate Director of Admissions at Yale SOM, Director of MBA Admissions at MSU Broad, and consultant at Cardiff Business School in the UK. Since 2014, she has guided Accepted clients to acceptance in various graduate programs including MBA and master's in finance, business analytics, data science, sustainability, and public policy.à Want Esmeralda to help you get Accepted? Click here to get in touch! Related Resources: â⬠¢ Leadership in Admissions, a free guide â⬠¢ 4 Ways to Show How Youââ¬â¢ll Contribute in the Future â⬠¢ 4 Tips for Writing About Last Minute Extracurricular Activities Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-19659836958848591642020-05-24T06:01:00.001-07:002020-05-24T06:01:03.538-07:00Free Trade And Trade Agreements - 1408 Words Free Trade Free trade is a policy in which the government does not interfere against imports or impedes with exports by applying tariffs (Encyclopedia, 2015). Free trade is about removing barriers like tariffs, quotas, and other restrictions. Tariffs are taxes that the countries enforce on imported goods and services, they are set in place to make trade harder. This ultimately causes the price of goods and services for consumers to be more expensive. Quotas are a limited quantity countries put on imports and exports. Barriers to trade is a government limitation on the amount of international goods and services. Countries decide to put up barriers on trade for the sole purpose of protecting their own economy and interests. The United States has free trade agreements with 20 countries, including the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the Tran-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP). There are many advantages and disadvantages with free trade agreements. The North American Free Trade Agreement was implemented in 1994, it consists of three countries; Canada, Mexico, and the United States. NAFTA is the largest free zone which sets the groundwork for a stronger economic development as well as the raise in prosperity between this countries (NAFTA, 2013). For the three countries in the agreement, NAFTA has removed tariffs and non- tariff barriers such as quotas, licensing and other limitations. Before it wasShow MoreRelatedThe Free Trade Agreement854 Words à |à 3 PagesThe Free Trade Agreement (FTA) as well as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) were failures. The North American Free Trade Agreement was one of the most controversial documents of the 20th century, beginning January 1st 1988.1 The reason it was so controversial was because it was loved in some ways yet hated in others. One of the reasons why the FTA and NAFTA were failures is due to the fact that Prime Minister Brian Mulroney los t a lot of votes caused by the amount of voters that disapprovedRead MoreEffects Of The North American Free Trade Agreement On Corn Trade Agreements1015 Words à |à 5 Pages The Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement on Corn Trade between the United States and Mexico Prerna Gait ID: 4299385 ECON 3951 ââ¬â Senior Project Abstract: This paper examines the impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on corn trade between US and Mexico since 1994. NAFTA had a great impact on corn trade between US and Mexico mainly because of trade liberalization which enabled US to increase its corn exports to Mexico. This paper closely looks atRead MoreThe North American Free Trade Agreement1018 Words à |à 5 PagesAmerican Free Trade Agreement, known as NAFTA, is a trilateral trade agreement between Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Signed January 1, 1994, NAFTAââ¬â¢s main purpose was to reduce trading costs, increase business investments, and help the United States be more competitive in the global marketplace. The agreement would eliminate all tariffs on half of all U.S. goods shipping to Mexico and introduce new regulations to encourage cross-border investments. According to President Bush, trade deals giveRead MoreNorth American Free Trade Agreement Essay1398 Words à |à 6 Pages North American Free Trade Agreement During the most recent race for the White House we heard very little of substance from both parties, but one thing both parties seem to agree on is that free trade has been bad for the U.S. worker. One candidate proclaimed that the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has cost the United States hundreds of thousands of jobs and another distanced herself from free trade agreements all together. It has been over twenty years since the implementation ofRead MoreNafta And The American Free Trade Agreement1253 Words à |à 6 PagesOn January 1st, 1994, Canada, the United States of America, and Mexico had signed a free trade agreement, under the name - the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This Free Trade Agreement was created to achieve its goal of eliminating barriers to trade and investment between Canada, Mexico and the United States of America. However, the question that politicians and economists of our nation are facing is whether Canada should remain in NAFTA with its partners, United States and Mexico. DespiteRead MoreFree Trade Agreement With Asian Countries1134 Words à |à 5 PagesThe topic of free a free trade agreement with Asian countries is currently being debated on the floor of the United States Congress (ââ¬Å"Trans-Pacificâ⬠). The trade is supposed to reduce the tariffs that each country pays on its exported products. Americans are being told the free trade add jobs, provide access to products otherwise not available at a lower cost, but none of this is true. The free trade agreement will give Asian manufacturers an absolute advantage over the American manufactureââ¬â¢s becauseRead MoreThe North American Free Trade Agreement Essay1356 Words à |à 6 PagesThe North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement negotiated by three countries; Canada, Mexico, and the United States. The main purpose of NAFTA is essentially to reduce trade barriers in order to promote international commerce, and open up diffe rent industries to trade, in particular textiles, agriculture, and automobile sectors. The introduction of NAFTA completely transformed North American economic relations and led to unparalleled cooperation between the U.S. Canada and MexicoRead MoreThe North American Free Trade Agreement1711 Words à |à 7 PagesThis paper will discuss four components of the North American Free Trade Agreement: Background, events, pros and cons. Upon the research, you will discover four online articles to provide more detail and examples. This research will indicate how it was developed and the reasoning on why it would benefit the nation. Also, it will provide events that occur after the agreement was signed by congress and the recession the countries experience during the early 2000s. There will be a chart locatedRead MoreThe North American Free Trade Agreement Essay1420 Words à |à 6 Pagessubstance from both parties, but one thing both parties seem to agree on is that free trade has been bad for the U.S. worker. One candidate proclaimed that the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has cost the United States hundreds of thousands of jobs and another distanced herself from free trade agreements all together. It has been over twenty years since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement and many have criticized it as a bad deal for the U.S. It can be shown thatRead MoreThe North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement1809 Words à |à 8 PagesThe North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has individuals on both sides of the aisle clamoring their opinions over the cultivation and execution of the agreement. NAFTA at 20: Overview and Trade Effects explains that NAFTA was signed into law in 1993 by United States (U.S.) President William J. Clinton a year following President George H.W. Bushââ¬â¢s negotiations on the agreement (Villarreal, Fergusson, p.1). NAFTA has pushed Mexico into the world economy for the better, however, there have Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-85692085391459543032020-05-18T11:23:00.001-07:002020-05-18T11:23:08.391-07:00Personal Narrative-My Trip To Disneyland - 885 Words In December of 2015 I attended a Navy Christmas party. There were raffle prizes and the prizes included televisions, iPads, money, a car, and other miscellaneous items. To my surprise, my ticket number was the first one to be called out over the extremely loud speaker system. I walked to the stage to get my prize and the speaker handed me two three day Disneyland passes. As a child I always wanted to go to Disneyland. It was my childhood dream come true when she handed me those tickets! That next summer, my girlfriend and I went. Of course, the roller coaster rides were great, but there was one specific ride that we enjoyed called ââ¬Å"Soaring Around The Worldâ⬠. Everything about this ride was magnificent from the visuals, to the sound, andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Then, a map popped up on the screen. The mapped showed all of the places we would be soaring over. Not only were we ââ¬Å"soarinâ⬠over california, but we were going to see many countries and tourist land marks. We were then raised higher and tilted forward. It was time to begin our journey! The first place we flew over was Antarctica. I saw frozen ice and bright white snow. We could see and hear the polar bears dive into the body of water. The splash, the wind and the turbulence from our ââ¬Å"airplaneââ¬â¢ made it seem so real. Even a killer whale jumped out of the water and towards us. The water splashed and smelled like a real ocean. The effects were so good, a person would have thought it was actual water in the room! The most memorable scene was Africa. As we passed the African Elephants we could smell a strong stench. The smell only got stronger as we passed many more species and herds of animals. It smelled like a zoo! Not only could we smell them, but we could also smell the grass. We felt like we were there. There was also a breeze during the rush of the herd of animals. Our seats shook as we passed ride over the herd. During the remainder of the ride, we flew over the Great Wall of China, caught dust from dubai, saw the ancient pyramids, the taj mahal, and hot air balloons in the deserts of Arizona. The hot air balloons were colorful and made for the perfect scenery amongst the Arizona Canyons! The Canyons were a reddish brown color and they wereShow MoreRelatedJudgement by Noel M. Tichy and Warren G. Bennis Paper3674 Words à |à 15 Pagesinvading Iraq, which will always haunt him. The last two big concepts that this book contains is storyline and a teaching point of view (TPOV). Each leader must have a teachable point of view, which sets the direction and behavioral values. Then, the narrative storyline animates the future scenario. TPOVS are important because they are ââ¬Å"what enable leaders to take the valuable knowledge and experiences that they have stored up inside their heads and teach them to othersâ⬠(Tichy and Bennis 51). Only successful Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-92034594688989261472020-05-13T08:32:00.001-07:002020-05-13T08:32:03.852-07:00The Stock Market Crash Began the Great Depression Investing millions a year, stock investors never thought the system would fail, but one day, it all went away. The stock market crashed leaving millions without work. The Stock Marketââ¬â¢s Crash began the Great Depression and America would reap havoc for many years. The stock market is a great way to buy part of a company gain or loose money depending on how the company is making money buy buying a share. ââ¬Å"The stock market is owning a small piece of the company; the stock market is owning a piece of a businessâ⬠(Christie 5). Therefore, investing in the stocks is a great idea when prices are high. Furthermore, it is a hard job to keep up with everything needed to know for the job. Investors and brokers are the one who do the buyingâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦For example, colleges probably lost a lot of students this year. Finally, children were very educated and a lot of them spoiled in the 20ââ¬â¢s. if 100$ could buy a car and stocks went down 40% in a day, the Great Depression was upon America faster then they knew it. The Great Depression of the 1930ââ¬â¢s was the worst economic time for Americans because of the lack of money circulation when the stocks crashed. Over two million homeless people lived in America during that time so they, ââ¬Å"built shantytowns on the outskirts of cities or along roadways. The areas were plagued by crime and disease.â⬠(Callan 12). In addition, they were probably not very happy because they were robbed many times and generally sick. Also, it was really hard to live in shantytowns because they didnââ¬â¢t have lots to do. Children who had been fine in the 30ââ¬â¢s had to deal with a lot; ââ¬Å"Children were hit hard by the depression. Fathers often left their families in a desperate search to find workâ⬠(17). This shows that children grew up a lot quicker in the thirties then most times. In contrast, the children were expected to do too much in the depression. Almost everyone lost everything in the 30ââ¬â¢s and ââ¬Å"Older Americans who had planned to use their savings for retirement found themselves suddenly penniless. ââ¬Å" (Christie 21). However, it is good the government didnââ¬â¢t step in with taxes as they are now to give them free retirement and heathShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of The Stock Market Crash Of 19291552 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe stock market crash of 1929. The question most debated is- which factor was the greatest contributor to causing the crash? Many think the answer is simple, for example, unemployment. On the contrary, the answer is quite complex because there were many interconnected causes. When answering this question, it is first crucial to analyze the causes of the crash and the causes of the depression that followed the crash. Many people combine the causes of the stock market crash and the depression; howeverRead MoreEssay on Stock Market Crash as the Cause of the Great Depression1211 Words à |à 5 PagesWhat Was the Exact Cause Of The Great Depression? The United States Great Depression leads many people to believe different stories about what actually caused it. The Stock Market Crash in October of 1929 is often referred to as the beginning of the Great Depression, but did it actually cause it? The answer is that it was the spark that lit the flame of the Great Depression. The Great depression was a financial decline that started in 1929 and lasted through most of the 1930s. Its pinpoint wasRead MoreThe Stock Market Crash Of 19291590 Words à |à 7 PagesThe cause of the crash in the stock market in 1929, was an incident that occurred on October 29, which was called Black Tuesday. Investors traded 16 million dollar of shares toward the New York Stock Exchange in a day, upon that billions of dollars were lost and investors lost their business or their jobs. one of the major reason why was that car and other factory produced certain quota of cars. during the great depression people who were rich is now poor and the poor and the poorer. people wereRead MoreEssay on The Great Depression1118 Words à |à 5 Pageslater the stock market crashed and the worst economic downturn in American history called the quot;Great Depressionquot; began. The Depression started in 1929 and would last for a decade until we entered War World II. The Great Depression affected every part of economy and no job was safe. In 1929 unemployment was at 1.5 million and by 1933 unemployment reached over 13 million which meant 1 out of 4 were out of work (3). Some who were successful businessmen before the stock market crash and now sellingRead MoreThe Shady Shift After World War I1166 Words à |à 5 Pagesenjoyed the new amenities and frivolous spending, no one knew what was going on with the banks. Most people were extremely overjoyed with all the money coming in, it hadnââ¬â¢t occurred to them what problems were happening. The Great Depression wasn t just caused by the Stock Market Crash but by false prosperity, and overproduction, which affected people s social life, banks, and unemployment across the country. It was only nine short years of prosperity until a dark cloud came rolling in across the countryRead MoreThe Stock Market Crash Of 19291683 Words à |à 7 PagesOn October 29, 1929, investors took a turn for the worse and were just in the beginning of a huge crisis that would cause them to lose everything. This crash pushed many Americans to depression, suicide, and destruction. By 1933, 4,000 banks had closed and Americans started to panic. The stock market crash of 1929 was a major turning point in the history of the United States and billions of dollars were lost. During the 1920s, throughout the country, there were social, economic, and political changesRead MoreThe Great Depression By Franklin D. Roosevelt s New Deal Legislation1115 Words à |à 5 PagesWhat do you think about when you hear The Great Depression? Some might say the worst economic time in the United States of America. The Great Depression was one of the longest and innermost economic downturn in the world of history between the years of 1929 and 1939. Also, The Great Depression led to the Federal Government having a more involved role in America s economy, this was done through the creation of Franklin D. Roosevelt s New Deal Legislation, which turned out to be effective becauseRead MoreEssay on The Causes of the Great Depression1002 Words à |à 5 Pageslasted as long as the Great Depression. Only as the economy shifted toward a war mobilization in the late 1930s did the grip of the depression finally ease. br brStock prices had been rising steadily since 1921, but in 19 28 and 1929 they surged forward, with the average price of stocks rising over 40 percent. The stock market was totally unregulated. Margin buying in particular proceeded at a feverish pace as customers borrowed up to 75 percent of the purchase price of stocks. That easy credit luredRead MoreThe Stock Market Crash Of 19291437 Words à |à 6 Pagesrushing to get into the stock market. The profits seemed so certain that even many companies placed money in the stock market. In addition, even more problematic, some banks placed their customers money in the stock market (without their consent). With the stock market prices rising, everything seemed fantastic. Many believe incorrectly that the stock market crash of 1929 is the same as the Great Depression when in fact; it was one of the major causes that led to the Great Depression. At first, thereRead MoreEssay about The Great Depression in America1156 Words à |à 5 Pagesfar fetched, but the Crash of 1929 made this a reality. The crash of 1929 established the beginning of Americas most memorible era; the great depression. According to the London Penny Press, following the week of Black Thursday, one could go to New York and see speculators hurling themselves from windows because they had lost everything in the crash. (The Great Crash 1929-Galbraith) Many people had everything they could ever dream of before the crash occured, but after the crash they found themselves Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-33825177894067224992020-05-06T20:38:00.001-07:002020-05-06T20:38:27.962-07:00International Trade And The Global Economy Essay - 1801 Words International trade refers to the exchange of goods, services, and capital across international borders. Sovereigns of countries have been involved in trade for centuries. Worldwide governments intervene with trade, taking it into their own hands to regulate, restrict and set specific standards to best fit their countries needs and demands. International trade policies dictate the terms and conditions that countries must adhere to before becoming fully integrated into the global economy. Globalization, technological advancements, industrialization, outsourcing, and multinational corporations impact the system of international trade. Through global trade and policies, countries can produce and export goods as well as services to other nations with minimal restrictions. International trade and policies improve and facilitate international relations, trading, technology sharing, consumption and real income of countries involved. The social, political, and economic importance of internat ional trade has risen significantly in recent years, increasing criticism on government policies worldwide. Governments around the world are coming to the realization of the benefits of retracting policies and barriers from international trade, as they realize their role should be more minimal. Trade policy is the laws surrounding the international exchange of goods/services between countries. It defines standards, rules and regulations that are applicable to trade relations internationally;Show MoreRelatedThe Global Economy and International Trade1357 Words à |à 6 Pagesï » ¿The Global Economy and International Trade What Is International Trade International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories. In most countries, such trade represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP). While international trade has been present throughout much of history, its economic, social, and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries. Increasing international trade is crucial to the continuanceRead MoreInternational Trade and The Global Economy1018 Words à |à 5 PagesFree Trade International trade links countries to the global economy (Vollrath, 1991). The global economy needs free trade. Countries need free trade. Trade with other countries occurs at some level in every country globally. There may be some indigenous tribes within some countries that can lay the claim that they are self-sufficient, however, there is not a single country that can say the same. Proponents of an open trading system contend that international trade results in higher levels ofRead MoreInternational Investment And Trade Plays A Big Role As A Nation s Economy And The Global Economy1820 Words à |à 8 Pages International investment and trade plays a big role in a nationââ¬â¢s economy and the global economy. More so in recent years, has the global economy experienced a massive increase of international movements of goods with the international trade growing much more rapidly than output (Zhang, 2008). The fact that globalization is bringing the world together in the consumption of products, knowledge, services and brand names shows that inter national investment and trade is a very important subjectRead MoreBusiness Environment Economic Systems, Fiscal Monetary Policies, Cc Regulatory Bodies, International Trade British Economy, Global Factors Impact on British Organisations, Analysis Implications Joining Eu5548 Words à |à 23 Pagesresources or inputs in the economic marketplace. Traditional business inputs are land, labour and capital. There are three major systems that can be distinguished in many parts of the world economy within these basic models there will be a range of variations and differences. Planned (Command) Economy An economy where supply and price are regulated by the government rather than market forces. Government planners decide which goods and services are produced and how they are distributed. Typically associatedRead MoreRealist and Liberalist Perspectives of Globalization Essay examples738 Words à |à 3 Pagesperspectives have different explanations as to why and how globalization evolved. Realists argue that international trade is most effective when there is hegemony in the world market, whereas liberalists believe that it is a matter of how countries use the idea of reciprocity in their decision about trade. I agree with the realist perspective because hegemony allows the global economy to enhance and international trade functions the best when a hegemon dominates the world market. Realist perspective explainsRead MorePolitical Factors That Affect International Business1020 Words à |à 5 PagesWhile Global businesses operate in overseas markets there is often a risk, the risk is referred to as political environment risk, and these factors can facilitate or hinder business operation. Some of the political factors that affect international business includeâ⬠(Justin Ervin. Zachary Smith A.2008). One significant political environmental factor that influences international business operation is trade agreements. Countries frequently enter into trade treaties to further facilitate trade betweenRead MoreInternational Business : Cross Border Commerce1460 Words à |à 6 PagesInternational business is also known as cross border commerce. Only half of American businesses pursue overseas opportunities. A variety of reasons keep American businesses from pursuing a global market. The biggest reason for not engaging in cross border commerce is fear, lack of knowledge. With education, international businesses can be effective, efficient, and profitable. Having a basic understanding of globalization leads to building a more solid foundation of understanding the environmentalRead MoreGrowing and Emergin Economies: South Korea1116 Words à |à 4 Pagesand emerging economy offers multinational companies the option of conducting business globally. Rapid growth and transformation of the S outh Korean economy has enabled the country to become a leader in the global market. Multinational companies that are looking for new global markets should pay attention to the South Korean economy. Strong markets exist for many industries within South Korea. The emerging electronics and motor vehicle market in South Korea has pushed its economy into one of theRead MoreTransportation, Globalization And International Trade1671 Words à |à 7 PagesTransportation, Globalization and International Trade Author: Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue 1. The Flows of Globalization In a global economy, no nation is self-sufficient. Each is involved at different levels in trade to sell what it produces, to acquire what it lacks and also to produce more efficiently in some economic sectors than its trade partners. International Trade. An exchange of goods or services across national jurisdictions. Inbound trade is defined as imports and outbound trade is defined as exportsRead MoreNeoliberal Globalization:Transformation and Development1021 Words à |à 5 Pageshave more interconnectedness and interdependence with each other for the global economy to prosper. Meanwhile, Significant changes have occurred in the nature of international trade and commodity production for the past decades. These changes also lead to new geographic, social, and political divisions of labor worldwide. Moreover, social and political consequences of these transformations have begun to take effects on a global scale. In this essay I am going to explain such transformations and illustrate Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-9121871001607351962020-05-06T13:38:00.003-07:002020-05-06T13:38:04.681-07:00John Dryden Englandââ¬â¢s Controversial and Exceptional Genius Free Essays string(117) " they replaced John Dryden, a Catholic; and made Thomas Shadwell, a Protestant, the new Poet Laureate \(Verrall 6\)\." John Dryden was Englandââ¬â¢s most outstanding and controversial writer for the later part of the seventeenth century, dominating the literary world as a skilled and versatile dramatist, a pioneer of literary criticism, and a respected writer of the Restoration period. With Drydenââ¬â¢s great literary and critical influence on the English society during the Restoration period he has made a name for himself, which will be studied and honored for years to come. John Dryden was born in Northamptonshire, in 1631. We will write a custom essay sample on John Dryden: Englandââ¬â¢s Controversial and Exceptional Genius or any similar topic only for you Order Now His parents were Erasmus Dryden and Mary Pickery. They were both from wealthy and respected families in Northamptonshire. The Drydens were known for wisdom and great tradition all over England and were well-equipped with large estates and vast lands (Ward 5). Drydenââ¬â¢s father, Erasmus, was a justice of the peace during the usurpation, and was the father of fourteen children; four sons, and ten daughters. The sons were John, Erasmus, Henry, and James; the daughters were Agness, Rose, Lucy, Mary, Martha, Elizabeth, Hester, Hannah, Abigail, and France (Kinsley 34). Dryden was also a religious man. He had as much faith in the Lord as he did in his pen. He belonged to the Church of England all his life until converting to Catholicism due to the change of the throne. He was baptized at All Saints Church in Aldwinule, Northamptonshire ten days after his birth (Hopkins 75). Dryden, growing into a young man, began his education in his hometown. There he took the basic classes. He furthered his education at Westminister School in London. Here, he attended school for about twelve hours a day, beginning and ending at six. At Westminister he studied history, geography, and study of the Scripture, plus all the basics. After Westminister he Cunningham 2 attended Cambridge University (Hopkins 14). While attending Cambridge University, he excelled to the top of his class and was a standout student. John Dryden was the greatest and most represented English man of letters of the last quarter of the seventeenth century. From the death of Milton in 1674 to his own in 1700, no other writer can compare with him in versatility and power (Sherwood 39). He was in fact a versatile writer, with his literary works consisted of tragedy, comedy, heroic play, opera, poetry, and satire. Although he did write most of his important original poems to serve some passing political purpose, he made them immortal by his literary genius (Miner 3). John Dryden was the type of man who was always busy with some great project. He would never put full time and concentration into his work. He would quickly finish a project, careless of perfection, and hurry off to begin another, which was not a tempting deal on either the authorââ¬â¢s side nor the readerââ¬â¢s side because Dryden lived in a time where there were few well-printed works (Hopkins 1). So much of his work consisted of numerous errors, misprints, and lost pages. Several critics have attempted to revise and correct his work but usually for the worse ( Harth 3). Despite his popularity during the Restoration and even today, little is known about John Dryden except what is in his works. Because he wrote from the beginning through the end of the Restoration period, many literary scholars consider the end of the Restoration period to have occurred with Drydenââ¬â¢s death in 1700 (Miner 2). Surviving Dryden was his wife Lady Elizabeth and there were three sons, to whom he had always been a loving and careful father. John, his oldest son, followed his father in death only three years later in April of 1700. His wife, the ââ¬Å"Widow of a poet,â⬠died shortly after his death in the summer of 1714 at the age of 78 (Bredvold 314). Dryden certainly attained his goal of popularity especially after his death. He became this Cunningham 3 through his ââ¬Å"achievements in verse translations, the first English author to depend for a livelihood directly on the reading public and opening the future of profitable careers for great novelists during the next two centuriesâ⬠(Frost 17). The Restoration period was a time of great literature and outstanding writers, but, with all the talent in this century, there were also many problems. The Restoration was an angry time in literary history. Writers threw harsh blows at one another, not with fists but with paper and ink. It was an age of plots, oaths, vows and tests: they were woven into the ââ¬Å"fabric of everyday life, and hardly a person in England escaped being touched by themâ⬠(Hammond 131). During this time he wrote about what was going on in life activities quite often in his work. At this time there was a major controversy over the conversion from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism. Drydenââ¬â¢s church was in a strange and uncomfortable position. Since the time of the Restoration it had been an underground organization because it was regarded as the enemy of the English monarchy. Some of the members have been accused, and others falsely accused, of setting plots against the crown (Hopkins 85). In 1663, Dryden, ââ¬Å"under the cloud of some personal disgrace,â⬠married Sir Robert Howardââ¬â¢s sister, Lady Elizabeth. The marriage provided no financial advantages or much compatibility for the couple, but Dryden did gain some social status because of her nobility. Because of his social success, Dryden was made a member of the Royal Society that same year. Since he was a non-participating member and did not pay his dues, his membership was later revoked. In 1664, he wrote a poem honoring his brother-in-law, Sir Robert Howard, with whom Dryden remained involved personally and professionally for some time. In 1668, he was Cunningham 4 named Poet Laureate and was offered a share in the Theater Royalââ¬â¢s profits in exchange for his plays. This is where he earned a large portion of his income, and ensured his financial stability for the next several years. However, in 1689 when William and Mary took the throne they replaced John Dryden, a Catholic; and made Thomas Shadwell, a Protestant, the new Poet Laureate (Verrall 6). You read "John Dryden: Englandââ¬â¢s Controversial and Exceptional Genius" in category "Essay examples" John Dryden was a poet for about forty years. He was formally known as a ââ¬Å"public poetâ⬠because a great amount of his poetry dealt with public issues (Harth 3). The explanation for Drydenââ¬â¢s late development as a poet was due to the simple fact that he had nothing to say. In Drydenââ¬â¢s poems, the descriptions he gave avoided unique, concrete details; he preferred general terms. When he described men and women, he gave his attention to moral qualities, not physical appearance. He usually glorified the lower social class and put the upper social class in a shadow (Sherwood 7). Many of Drydenââ¬â¢s poems were congested with printing errors and misspelled words, although, the reasons for this were not totally his fault. There was not a great printing process during this time and many careless mistakes in printing were caused by neglectful workers (Sargeant 10). John Dryden is a poet who left a firm impression of his character in this world; he is known as a public figure, respected literary critic, popular dramatist, and strong supporter of religion and politics (Salvaggio 13). Drydenââ¬â¢s poetry has been divided into two time periods of his career. The first was during the Restoration period and ended in 1667. He did not write another poem for fourteen years; during this time he was writing plays and critiques. The second period began during the later part of his life and ended in 1681 (Harth 3). Some of Drydenââ¬â¢s more popular poems ââ¬Å"The Cock and the Fox,â⬠ââ¬Å"All For Love,â⬠ââ¬Å"Antony and Cleopatra,â⬠ââ¬Å"Absalom and Achitophal,â⬠and his most famous ââ¬Å"Mac Cunningham 5 Flecknoe. â⬠In the poem ââ¬Å"All For Love,â⬠it portrays the love story between Cleopatra, the breath-taking, beautiful, Queen of the Nile and her lover Antony. He also knew that when writing this poem it would be nothing new to the poetic world (Dryden 14). ââ¬Å"All For Loveâ⬠is a pale, beautiful play. The theme ââ¬Å"All For Loveâ⬠was meant to be that ââ¬Å"punishment inexorably follows vice and illicit love. Actually, the motivation of the play is a conflict between reason and passion, and it is this conflict that makes ââ¬Å"All For Loveâ⬠truly representative of the Restoration Period and the battle of ideas that settled beneathâ⬠(Dryden 25). The greatest of his poems was ââ¬Å"Absalom and Achitophel. â⬠He wrote this while he was Poet Laureate, the national poet of a country (Hopkins 5). In this poem he described a political predicament that is described by characters from the Bible. He uses a vast amount of symbolism in the story. ââ¬Å"Absalom and Architophelâ⬠represents his lifelong affinity for seeing the present in terms of the past (Miner 15). One of his most famous poems is ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoe. â⬠He destroys Thomas Shadwell by taking very crude and harsh blows on the man. However, Dryden refers to Shadwellââ¬â¢s appearance to only imply that he is fat: ââ¬Å"A Ton of Man in thy Large bulk is writ, but sure thoââ¬â¢rt but a kildrekin of witâ⬠(Sherwood 7). There is nobody of English criticism that is more alive, that brings readers more directly into contact with literature, than John Dryden. One can never predict what will arise with Drydenââ¬â¢s criticism, but it will be far more promising than any other (Mc Henry 25). John Dryden is known as ââ¬Å"the father of English Criticismâ⬠(Osborn 136). But, other studies and opinions show that his critical writings are known to quite often derivative, self-contradictory, rambling, inexact, at times over-specialized, and at others too sweeping (Hopkins 137). Cunningham 6 Drydenââ¬â¢s earliest critical essay was written in 1664, about his first verse play, The Rival Ladies. From this date until his death in 1700, Dryden scarcely passed a year without writing a preface, an essay, a discourse, a literary biography or some piece of criticism (Osborn 179). His criticism has not been viewed in the correct ways in some cases. It has often been praised for its minor virtues, and too little admired for its major ones. ââ¬Å"His criticism is great in contrast as well as in styleâ⬠(Hammond 179). John Drydenââ¬â¢s critical qualities are handsome ones, preferable to most. He has confidence in his basic assumptions and more gracefully within his tradition. Another great strength of his, is that he plays example against theory and theory against example; Dryden also possesses many more admiring qualities (Hammond 5). As a well-respected critic as he is Dryden has a habit of telling what he is thinking at the time of composition. His prefaces and prologues have the quality of studio talk in which the artist speaks of what he has tried to do and how he has done better, or worse, than others. He gives his views at the time, he may have different views at other times that are more educated, but he gives the views which engage him at the moment (McHenry 39). Criticism of Dryden in the half-century following his death is sparse, and contributions from the major men of letters are disappointingly casual and undeveloped. However, most likely the best criticism of Dryden during the period after his demise comes from ââ¬Å"Dennis, Congerer, and Garth. â⬠There is passion as well as admiration in Dennisââ¬â¢s remarks for Drydenââ¬â¢s poetry (Bredvold 14). He is a critic more than a theorist, meaning he judges poetry thoughtfully by talking incomparably well about the poetry. However, he also likes to think and to speak of his thinking to explore and mediate literary principles. John Dryden wrote with ease and at times carelessly, but he knew where he stood (Hammond 1). Cunningham 7 His poetry was often seen as a pure, rich, metrical energy, and formally proper to the genre. ââ¬Å"It is throughout its whole range, alive with a special kind of feelingâ⬠(Osborn 181). John Dryden was engaged in literary controversy his entire literary career and life. He feuded with famous writers such as Sir Robert Howard, Thomas Shadwell, Andrew Marvell, Thomas Rymar, and many others. Shadwell was the most unfortunate foe of them all. If he had never quarreled with Dryden he would not have been known today as one of the four great comic playwrights of the Restoration period (Dryden 1). Shadwellââ¬â¢s and Drydenââ¬â¢s literary quarrel developed by the means of critical comments in prologues, epilogues, prefaces, and dedications written between 1668 and 1678. Drydenââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoeâ⬠was a major issue in the dispute between Dryden and Shadwell (Dryden 4). In ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoe,â⬠Shadwellââ¬â¢s memory is kept alive, but has also been branded forever as horrible writer and a disgrace to the history of English writers. ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoeâ⬠is Drydenââ¬â¢s most delightful poem. It reveals Drydenââ¬â¢s great writing talents as poet and satirist. As he accuses Shadwell of ââ¬Å"borrowingâ⬠from other authors. He also indicted Shadwell of ââ¬Å"consistently stealing,â⬠but the charges were also greatly exaggerated. However, Dryden admitted that he was guilty of ââ¬Å"borrowingâ⬠from other authors, but he also mentioned that Charles II said that he wished those incriminated for stealing would steal plays like Drydenââ¬â¢s (Dryden 18). At some point Shadwell had got on good terms with Dryden, good enough at least for Dryden to provide the prologue to one of Shadwellââ¬â¢s plays. It might have been the prologue the others, but still it served as a prologue to one of Shadwellââ¬â¢s. They had to have developed some sort of friendship or came to know each other. Then something happened and the time for reconciliation had passed. In the same year in which he wrote that prologue for Shadwell he also wrote ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoeâ⬠to put an Cunningham 8 end to the feuding, and Shadwell became the ââ¬Å"unforgiven butt of his ridiculeâ⬠(McHenry 47). Dryden was an exceptional author that just did not make as big as others. His literary reputation suffers greatly from the simple fact that not many know of him. He is the man who wrote ââ¬Å"Absalom and Architophel,â⬠ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoe,â⬠and who precedes Pope. He wrote not only great satirical, but great love poems, great political poems, and great religious poems. Beyond those poems he wrote many great passages of poetry. He wrote an astounding amount of good poetry, probably more than any other poet in the language except Shakespeare and Milton (Hammond 67). The English author John Dryden called himself Neander, the ââ¬Å"new man,â⬠in his Essay of Dramatic Poesy, and implied that he was a spokesman for the concerns of his generation and the embodiment of itââ¬â¢s tastes. He achieved a prominence that supported his claim. Dryden excelled in comedy, heroic tragedy, verse satire, translation, and literary criticism; genres that his contemporaries and later readers have defined as representative of the Restoration period. John Drydenââ¬â¢s lasting legacy will be defined by his unequaled, excellent criticisms of literature and his outstanding poetry. He developed the model for modern English prose style and set the tone for 18th century English poetry. His memorable works helped influence much of the writings that come from England to this day. Translations are another major reason why people will remember Dryden. He took authors from previous eras works and interpreted them into something superior and moved them to a greatness previously believed unattainable. His considerable accomplishments assured Drydenââ¬â¢s place in literary history and, through their influence on such writers as Alexander Pope, determined the course of literary history for the next generation. How to cite John Dryden: Englandââ¬â¢s Controversial and Exceptional Genius, Essay examples Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-65146153027214260812020-05-06T13:38:00.001-07:002020-05-06T13:38:03.852-07:00John Dryden Englandââ¬â¢s Controversial and Exceptional Genius Free Essays string(117) " they replaced John Dryden, a Catholic; and made Thomas Shadwell, a Protestant, the new Poet Laureate \(Verrall 6\)\." John Dryden was Englandââ¬â¢s most outstanding and controversial writer for the later part of the seventeenth century, dominating the literary world as a skilled and versatile dramatist, a pioneer of literary criticism, and a respected writer of the Restoration period. With Drydenââ¬â¢s great literary and critical influence on the English society during the Restoration period he has made a name for himself, which will be studied and honored for years to come. John Dryden was born in Northamptonshire, in 1631. We will write a custom essay sample on John Dryden: Englandââ¬â¢s Controversial and Exceptional Genius or any similar topic only for you Order Now His parents were Erasmus Dryden and Mary Pickery. They were both from wealthy and respected families in Northamptonshire. The Drydens were known for wisdom and great tradition all over England and were well-equipped with large estates and vast lands (Ward 5). Drydenââ¬â¢s father, Erasmus, was a justice of the peace during the usurpation, and was the father of fourteen children; four sons, and ten daughters. The sons were John, Erasmus, Henry, and James; the daughters were Agness, Rose, Lucy, Mary, Martha, Elizabeth, Hester, Hannah, Abigail, and France (Kinsley 34). Dryden was also a religious man. He had as much faith in the Lord as he did in his pen. He belonged to the Church of England all his life until converting to Catholicism due to the change of the throne. He was baptized at All Saints Church in Aldwinule, Northamptonshire ten days after his birth (Hopkins 75). Dryden, growing into a young man, began his education in his hometown. There he took the basic classes. He furthered his education at Westminister School in London. Here, he attended school for about twelve hours a day, beginning and ending at six. At Westminister he studied history, geography, and study of the Scripture, plus all the basics. After Westminister he Cunningham 2 attended Cambridge University (Hopkins 14). While attending Cambridge University, he excelled to the top of his class and was a standout student. John Dryden was the greatest and most represented English man of letters of the last quarter of the seventeenth century. From the death of Milton in 1674 to his own in 1700, no other writer can compare with him in versatility and power (Sherwood 39). He was in fact a versatile writer, with his literary works consisted of tragedy, comedy, heroic play, opera, poetry, and satire. Although he did write most of his important original poems to serve some passing political purpose, he made them immortal by his literary genius (Miner 3). John Dryden was the type of man who was always busy with some great project. He would never put full time and concentration into his work. He would quickly finish a project, careless of perfection, and hurry off to begin another, which was not a tempting deal on either the authorââ¬â¢s side nor the readerââ¬â¢s side because Dryden lived in a time where there were few well-printed works (Hopkins 1). So much of his work consisted of numerous errors, misprints, and lost pages. Several critics have attempted to revise and correct his work but usually for the worse ( Harth 3). Despite his popularity during the Restoration and even today, little is known about John Dryden except what is in his works. Because he wrote from the beginning through the end of the Restoration period, many literary scholars consider the end of the Restoration period to have occurred with Drydenââ¬â¢s death in 1700 (Miner 2). Surviving Dryden was his wife Lady Elizabeth and there were three sons, to whom he had always been a loving and careful father. John, his oldest son, followed his father in death only three years later in April of 1700. His wife, the ââ¬Å"Widow of a poet,â⬠died shortly after his death in the summer of 1714 at the age of 78 (Bredvold 314). Dryden certainly attained his goal of popularity especially after his death. He became this Cunningham 3 through his ââ¬Å"achievements in verse translations, the first English author to depend for a livelihood directly on the reading public and opening the future of profitable careers for great novelists during the next two centuriesâ⬠(Frost 17). The Restoration period was a time of great literature and outstanding writers, but, with all the talent in this century, there were also many problems. The Restoration was an angry time in literary history. Writers threw harsh blows at one another, not with fists but with paper and ink. It was an age of plots, oaths, vows and tests: they were woven into the ââ¬Å"fabric of everyday life, and hardly a person in England escaped being touched by themâ⬠(Hammond 131). During this time he wrote about what was going on in life activities quite often in his work. At this time there was a major controversy over the conversion from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism. Drydenââ¬â¢s church was in a strange and uncomfortable position. Since the time of the Restoration it had been an underground organization because it was regarded as the enemy of the English monarchy. Some of the members have been accused, and others falsely accused, of setting plots against the crown (Hopkins 85). In 1663, Dryden, ââ¬Å"under the cloud of some personal disgrace,â⬠married Sir Robert Howardââ¬â¢s sister, Lady Elizabeth. The marriage provided no financial advantages or much compatibility for the couple, but Dryden did gain some social status because of her nobility. Because of his social success, Dryden was made a member of the Royal Society that same year. Since he was a non-participating member and did not pay his dues, his membership was later revoked. In 1664, he wrote a poem honoring his brother-in-law, Sir Robert Howard, with whom Dryden remained involved personally and professionally for some time. In 1668, he was Cunningham 4 named Poet Laureate and was offered a share in the Theater Royalââ¬â¢s profits in exchange for his plays. This is where he earned a large portion of his income, and ensured his financial stability for the next several years. However, in 1689 when William and Mary took the throne they replaced John Dryden, a Catholic; and made Thomas Shadwell, a Protestant, the new Poet Laureate (Verrall 6). You read "John Dryden: Englandââ¬â¢s Controversial and Exceptional Genius" in category "Essay examples" John Dryden was a poet for about forty years. He was formally known as a ââ¬Å"public poetâ⬠because a great amount of his poetry dealt with public issues (Harth 3). The explanation for Drydenââ¬â¢s late development as a poet was due to the simple fact that he had nothing to say. In Drydenââ¬â¢s poems, the descriptions he gave avoided unique, concrete details; he preferred general terms. When he described men and women, he gave his attention to moral qualities, not physical appearance. He usually glorified the lower social class and put the upper social class in a shadow (Sherwood 7). Many of Drydenââ¬â¢s poems were congested with printing errors and misspelled words, although, the reasons for this were not totally his fault. There was not a great printing process during this time and many careless mistakes in printing were caused by neglectful workers (Sargeant 10). John Dryden is a poet who left a firm impression of his character in this world; he is known as a public figure, respected literary critic, popular dramatist, and strong supporter of religion and politics (Salvaggio 13). Drydenââ¬â¢s poetry has been divided into two time periods of his career. The first was during the Restoration period and ended in 1667. He did not write another poem for fourteen years; during this time he was writing plays and critiques. The second period began during the later part of his life and ended in 1681 (Harth 3). Some of Drydenââ¬â¢s more popular poems ââ¬Å"The Cock and the Fox,â⬠ââ¬Å"All For Love,â⬠ââ¬Å"Antony and Cleopatra,â⬠ââ¬Å"Absalom and Achitophal,â⬠and his most famous ââ¬Å"Mac Cunningham 5 Flecknoe. â⬠In the poem ââ¬Å"All For Love,â⬠it portrays the love story between Cleopatra, the breath-taking, beautiful, Queen of the Nile and her lover Antony. He also knew that when writing this poem it would be nothing new to the poetic world (Dryden 14). ââ¬Å"All For Loveâ⬠is a pale, beautiful play. The theme ââ¬Å"All For Loveâ⬠was meant to be that ââ¬Å"punishment inexorably follows vice and illicit love. Actually, the motivation of the play is a conflict between reason and passion, and it is this conflict that makes ââ¬Å"All For Loveâ⬠truly representative of the Restoration Period and the battle of ideas that settled beneathâ⬠(Dryden 25). The greatest of his poems was ââ¬Å"Absalom and Achitophel. â⬠He wrote this while he was Poet Laureate, the national poet of a country (Hopkins 5). In this poem he described a political predicament that is described by characters from the Bible. He uses a vast amount of symbolism in the story. ââ¬Å"Absalom and Architophelâ⬠represents his lifelong affinity for seeing the present in terms of the past (Miner 15). One of his most famous poems is ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoe. â⬠He destroys Thomas Shadwell by taking very crude and harsh blows on the man. However, Dryden refers to Shadwellââ¬â¢s appearance to only imply that he is fat: ââ¬Å"A Ton of Man in thy Large bulk is writ, but sure thoââ¬â¢rt but a kildrekin of witâ⬠(Sherwood 7). There is nobody of English criticism that is more alive, that brings readers more directly into contact with literature, than John Dryden. One can never predict what will arise with Drydenââ¬â¢s criticism, but it will be far more promising than any other (Mc Henry 25). John Dryden is known as ââ¬Å"the father of English Criticismâ⬠(Osborn 136). But, other studies and opinions show that his critical writings are known to quite often derivative, self-contradictory, rambling, inexact, at times over-specialized, and at others too sweeping (Hopkins 137). Cunningham 6 Drydenââ¬â¢s earliest critical essay was written in 1664, about his first verse play, The Rival Ladies. From this date until his death in 1700, Dryden scarcely passed a year without writing a preface, an essay, a discourse, a literary biography or some piece of criticism (Osborn 179). His criticism has not been viewed in the correct ways in some cases. It has often been praised for its minor virtues, and too little admired for its major ones. ââ¬Å"His criticism is great in contrast as well as in styleâ⬠(Hammond 179). John Drydenââ¬â¢s critical qualities are handsome ones, preferable to most. He has confidence in his basic assumptions and more gracefully within his tradition. Another great strength of his, is that he plays example against theory and theory against example; Dryden also possesses many more admiring qualities (Hammond 5). As a well-respected critic as he is Dryden has a habit of telling what he is thinking at the time of composition. His prefaces and prologues have the quality of studio talk in which the artist speaks of what he has tried to do and how he has done better, or worse, than others. He gives his views at the time, he may have different views at other times that are more educated, but he gives the views which engage him at the moment (McHenry 39). Criticism of Dryden in the half-century following his death is sparse, and contributions from the major men of letters are disappointingly casual and undeveloped. However, most likely the best criticism of Dryden during the period after his demise comes from ââ¬Å"Dennis, Congerer, and Garth. â⬠There is passion as well as admiration in Dennisââ¬â¢s remarks for Drydenââ¬â¢s poetry (Bredvold 14). He is a critic more than a theorist, meaning he judges poetry thoughtfully by talking incomparably well about the poetry. However, he also likes to think and to speak of his thinking to explore and mediate literary principles. John Dryden wrote with ease and at times carelessly, but he knew where he stood (Hammond 1). Cunningham 7 His poetry was often seen as a pure, rich, metrical energy, and formally proper to the genre. ââ¬Å"It is throughout its whole range, alive with a special kind of feelingâ⬠(Osborn 181). John Dryden was engaged in literary controversy his entire literary career and life. He feuded with famous writers such as Sir Robert Howard, Thomas Shadwell, Andrew Marvell, Thomas Rymar, and many others. Shadwell was the most unfortunate foe of them all. If he had never quarreled with Dryden he would not have been known today as one of the four great comic playwrights of the Restoration period (Dryden 1). Shadwellââ¬â¢s and Drydenââ¬â¢s literary quarrel developed by the means of critical comments in prologues, epilogues, prefaces, and dedications written between 1668 and 1678. Drydenââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoeâ⬠was a major issue in the dispute between Dryden and Shadwell (Dryden 4). In ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoe,â⬠Shadwellââ¬â¢s memory is kept alive, but has also been branded forever as horrible writer and a disgrace to the history of English writers. ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoeâ⬠is Drydenââ¬â¢s most delightful poem. It reveals Drydenââ¬â¢s great writing talents as poet and satirist. As he accuses Shadwell of ââ¬Å"borrowingâ⬠from other authors. He also indicted Shadwell of ââ¬Å"consistently stealing,â⬠but the charges were also greatly exaggerated. However, Dryden admitted that he was guilty of ââ¬Å"borrowingâ⬠from other authors, but he also mentioned that Charles II said that he wished those incriminated for stealing would steal plays like Drydenââ¬â¢s (Dryden 18). At some point Shadwell had got on good terms with Dryden, good enough at least for Dryden to provide the prologue to one of Shadwellââ¬â¢s plays. It might have been the prologue the others, but still it served as a prologue to one of Shadwellââ¬â¢s. They had to have developed some sort of friendship or came to know each other. Then something happened and the time for reconciliation had passed. In the same year in which he wrote that prologue for Shadwell he also wrote ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoeâ⬠to put an Cunningham 8 end to the feuding, and Shadwell became the ââ¬Å"unforgiven butt of his ridiculeâ⬠(McHenry 47). Dryden was an exceptional author that just did not make as big as others. His literary reputation suffers greatly from the simple fact that not many know of him. He is the man who wrote ââ¬Å"Absalom and Architophel,â⬠ââ¬Å"Mac Flecknoe,â⬠and who precedes Pope. He wrote not only great satirical, but great love poems, great political poems, and great religious poems. Beyond those poems he wrote many great passages of poetry. He wrote an astounding amount of good poetry, probably more than any other poet in the language except Shakespeare and Milton (Hammond 67). The English author John Dryden called himself Neander, the ââ¬Å"new man,â⬠in his Essay of Dramatic Poesy, and implied that he was a spokesman for the concerns of his generation and the embodiment of itââ¬â¢s tastes. He achieved a prominence that supported his claim. Dryden excelled in comedy, heroic tragedy, verse satire, translation, and literary criticism; genres that his contemporaries and later readers have defined as representative of the Restoration period. John Drydenââ¬â¢s lasting legacy will be defined by his unequaled, excellent criticisms of literature and his outstanding poetry. He developed the model for modern English prose style and set the tone for 18th century English poetry. His memorable works helped influence much of the writings that come from England to this day. Translations are another major reason why people will remember Dryden. He took authors from previous eras works and interpreted them into something superior and moved them to a greatness previously believed unattainable. His considerable accomplishments assured Drydenââ¬â¢s place in literary history and, through their influence on such writers as Alexander Pope, determined the course of literary history for the next generation. How to cite John Dryden: Englandââ¬â¢s Controversial and Exceptional Genius, Essay examples Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-30525725069641161002020-05-06T03:42:00.001-07:002020-05-06T03:42:04.571-07:00Event Management for Feasibility & Marketing - myassignmenthelp Question: Write about theEvent Management for Feasibility Marketing. Answer: Event proposal Event concept The event of marriage is going to be held in Melbourne on 10th of September 2017 it's a Christian marriage named SPECIAL MARRIAGE CEREMONY. The event will be held for 8 to 10 hours from 9 A.M. to 6 P.M. The ceremony will be celebrated hugely with maximum 400 to 600 audiences in number. The main purpose is to serve better to the bride and groom and the audiences, providing with better facilities like proper seating arrangement, proper cuisine, proper decoration or proper maintenance of the ceremony hall which will overall make the event memorable. Event Feasibility Marketing The management will be busy in maintaining the event. Staffs will be busy in decorating the ceremony hall, arrangement of proper lighting, seating availability, spreading the invitations, providing cars. The stakeholders and other agencies plays a key role in the event planning. Two types of stakeholders are identified: Internal Stakeholders (Staffs and decorators): Decorators plays an important role by decorating the event hall and on the other hand staffs provides proper care in the maintenance of other requirements and look after other labors whether they are performing accordingly or not (Nielsen et al. 2013). External Stakeholders (Customers and suppliers): External stakeholders that includes suppliers has an important role in the event planning. Suppliers provide the management with the required things like decorative objects, fancy lights, labors, etc. Keeping in mind it has been set that minimum finance should be utilized. Thus, financial management strategy has been adopted where maximum work will be done and less funds will be used. This can be done with the help of proper marketing, smart and efficient man power is required to do so. A luxury car will be provided for escorting the VIP, s and close relatives of Bride Groom. However, both the Bride Groom will be brought to the venue in a chopper (Aarrevaara et al. 2017). Social, environmental and economic effect may prove as a barrier for the event management. For Instance, the ceremony may include beef and pork items in its catalogue or liquor, sometimes it may happen that the society may or may not allow these items. The functions with loud music in the ceremony if any can also be a big drawback in the environment where schools and religious practices are exercised (Bull et al. 2016). The marriage event may go for luxury items including cars, choppers etc., which the economy may not promote. Operational Planning Event Promotion In order to gain more attention from publics to make them interested to get involved in the event, proper promotional plan is needed. Promotion can be done in various ways like promoting through messages or even media can be used to promote about the event, when will it be held, the venue, what kind of event it is, who will be the VIP's, the purpose of event or etc., can be described. Internet nowadays acts as the intermediate, used mostly will prove to be one the best possible way to promote (Allison, 2014). So, developing a website will help in gaining all the information regarding the event, even videos will be uploaded to promote the event. Posters can also be designed and printed to promote the event program. Event Staging Since it is a Christian Marriage ceremony, the marriage function will be held at church followed by the other functions which will be held at an event palace. Other functions like entertainment shows including dancing, singing shows will be delivered to the crew, proper seating arrangements will be done (Brown and Hutton, 2013). The entire hall will be decorated with special lighting effects, themes, for quality sound speakers will be installed to enjoy the music. Audiences will be provided with snacks and drinks as starter which will be served by the waiters. The stage will be properly decorated with special effects. Proper arrangement for food will be maintained by the food counter or caterers like the quality and quantity of meals to be made, what items will be included, also proper serving will be taken special care. Safety and Security For every event that are held can be risky in various ways from theft to accidents including accident by fire, car accidents or etc. Considering risks special care will be taken by the security staffs. Fire extinguisher will be kept, especially bouncers will be arranged for the security of Bride Groom. Safety of audiences, performers other staffs and VIPs will be taken by security guards (Brown, 2014). Also, guards will be available outside the premise for security and safety purposes. In an event expensive items for sure will be the most highlighted objects that is jewelries or other objectives, so special care will be taken by the guards. CCTV cameras will also be installed inside as well as outside the premise so that till the completion of the event every moment will be recorded for the security purposes. Event Evaluation Throughout this event the company has maintained its strength by properly organizing the ceremony. This happened because the management have followed the doctrines developed by the societies, hence they become socially very acceptable (Dwyer and Forsyth, 2017). Therefore, the company is always selected in the localities for arranging local events. On the flipside, a key drawback has disturbed the performance of the company and that is the lack of support from the sponsors. Due to lack of sponsorships, required funds were not raised on time. In fact, the company had to utilize their own free reserve to commence the event. So, this event is going to be beneficial for the company in various aspects. Company will gain reputation and attention from the local authorities, this will bring opportunities to the management in future (Ma et al. 2014). The company can get chances to plan events in various fields like sports or other functions. Local authorities may sponsor the company and this w ill help in raising funds timely. Currently the management is working in Melbourne, in coming times company will try to extend its business throughout the counter. Reference List Nielsen, S., Chambers, C. and Farr, J., Certusview Technologies, Llc (2013).Fleet management systems and methods for complex event processing of vehicle-related information via local and remote complex event processing engines. U.S. Patent 8,473,148. Aarrevaara, T., Wikstrm, J. and Maassen, P. (2017). External stakeholders and internal practices in departments of teacher education at European universities.Higher Education Quarterly,71(3), pp.251-262. Bull, J.W., Jobstvogt, N., Bhnke-Henrichs, A., Mascarenhas, A., Sitas, N., Baulcomb, C., Lambini, C.K., Rawlins, M., Baral, H., Zhringer, J. and Carter-Silk, E. (2016). Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats: A SWOT analysis of the ecosystem services framework.Ecosystem services,17, pp.99-111. Allison, P.D. (2014).Event history and survival analysis: Regression for longitudinal event data(Vol. 46). SAGE publications. Brown, S. and Hutton, A. (2013). Developments in the real-time evaluation of audience behaviour at planned events.International Journal of Event and Festival Management,4(1), pp.43-55. Brown, S. (2014). Emerging Professionalism in the Event Industry: A Practitioner's Perspective.Event Management,18(1), pp.15-24. Dwyer, L. and Forsyth, P. (2017). 7 Event evaluation Approaches and new challenges.The Value of Events, p.102. Ma, Q., Fu, H., Xu, T., Pei, G., Chen, X., Hu, Y. and Zhu, C. (2014). The neural process of perception and evaluation for environmental hazards: evidence from event-related potentials.Neuroreport,25(8), pp.607-611. Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-86919791115174911292020-05-04T12:13:00.001-07:002020-05-04T12:13:02.484-07:00Overview Of Measurable Organizational Value-Myassignmenthelp.Com Question: Discuss About The Overview Of Measurable Organizational Value? Answer: Introducation RALS is being organized by Globex Corporation every year organizes a show revealing about their farming and lifestyle appliances in the month of November for three days. Globex sells tickets for the show and they donate their earnings to a charitable trust for the indigenous people named ICV. They sell tickets manually which leads to many problems like the ticket counter gets overloaded by people and some of them without paying topples the fences to enter the show. Globex keeping the problem in mind decided to introduce an online ticket booking system which will enable its visitors to book their tickets online. For changing this system Globex gave the project to its old consultant Virtucon. MOV Measurable Organizational Value(Miller, 2008) Rank 1 - Customer: After the introduction of this new ticketing system the customers will no longer have to stand in the long queue. This will make them happy. Rank 2 - Operational: Most of the visitors will book their tickets reducing the workload of the volunteers in the ticket counter and security gate. Rank 3 Finance: More customers will visit the show and more tickets will be booked now enlarging Globexs financial condition. Rank 4 Strategy: Globex will earn more money and more money will be donated to the ICV. Rank 5 Social: Globex will get the opportunity of showing its social concern because now they will earn more money by selling tickets and will be able to donate more money to ICV. Project value: Value 1 (Faster): Visitors will book their tickets online and the load on the ticket counter will be reduced. The volunteers on the ticket counter will get a chance to complete their work even faster than before. Value 2 (Do more): Globex will be inspired by the positive feedback to develop the show further. Metrics with time target: Metrics Target Improvement in revenue generation and contribution to ICV by 8% November end Beginning of earning revenue before the beginning of show October The crush of people in the security gate and ticket counter can be minimized November during the show Due to the net ticket booking device, RALS will get the profit earlier than the show starts in November October Scope Management Plan Define Scope: The main aim of this project is to set up a web-based ticketing system which will be easily accessible from all electronic devices in order to reduce the stack of work among the volunteers in the security gate and the ticket booking counter as now the visitors will book their tickets online without making crowd there. Identify requirements: The guest's identity verification for first-time enrollment, available from all gadgets, free from digital violations and a scanner tag is required for recognizing its guests. In-Scope: The internet ticketing framework ought to be available from all gadgets, and a scanner tag for distinguishing the guests ought to be contained. Out-of-Scope: Everything from the maintenance of the hardware to providing the implementation to the change and the support ought to be there. Deliverables: The task ought to be basic, tolerable and respectable containing the stated things. List of Resources: People Roles Project In-charge Overall responsible to make the project successful to coordinated among the internal external stakeholders Technical Manager To lead the technical team and maintain proper quality of work Software Engineer To develop the facility system and responsible for overall functioning of the system Web Developer To develop the website and web page for making ticket booking easy System Analyst To analyze the whole system Technology: Local area network to connect all the hardware for easy transfer of data Facilities: High bandwidth internet facility, cafeteria, emergency exit, fire protective equipment Work Breakdown Structure(Project Smart, 2017) with milestones, activities, resource cost(Project Management Knowledge, 2017) included: Gantt chart view of the schedule Budget is not always a problem in the Project Resources shall be usually during the project, so no problem with their availability Stakeholders are nicely identified and need not to worry about their analysis, as Virtucon is an old representative of Globex Volunteers are well certified so they may be trained after the implementation of computerized ticketing arrangement RISK No. Description Likelihood Impact Product (L*I) Rank Owner Response Plan 1 Initiation: incomplete and improper identification of stakeholders may raise many issues in subsequent stages of the project lifecycle 40% 80% 32% 2 Project In-Charge Each one of the accomplices should be diagnosed suitably and the summaries have to be rechecked after each alteration 2 Planning Stage: increase in duration of work, if stakeholders not analyzed properly 30% 90% 27% 3 Project In-Charge All the diagnosed essentials have to be mentioned so as with help and accumulating before concluding 3 Execution: many problems can occur during project execution if stakeholder analysis is not done properly 50% 70% 35% 1 Project In-Charge Once the Stakeholder analysis proof is done well with high-quality examination, they ought to be satisfied as requirements be 4 Monitoring: increase in scope due to unusual expectations of stakeholders 30% 40% 12% 4 Project In-Charge Degree check methodology like professional study should be carried on in every stage 5 Close-out evaluation: project may get delayed due to incomplete submission 20% 20% 4% 5 Project In-Charge All the final documentation of each level ought to be submitted after the motion to decline to total up for the remaining level Teams Objective towards Quality Management: The team members should try to preserve up the required high-grade standards of the quality and usually meet the perceived and filed accomplice's wants. Each one of the threats must be checked surely to avoid any overpower of augmentation and time. All the diagnosed desires should be passed on inner time with excellent benchmarks. All workers need to concentrate on the quality of work to save it from any kind of change. Verification Activity: Activity Target Each one of the need of associates are being met 13/Jul/2018 Cost of every work should now not overshoot the spending intend to govern the overall value of the project 13/Jul/2018 On time Delivery of the desires need to be ensured 13/Jul/2018 Development purposes of restriction should be checked before and a while later a brief span later every stage 13/Jul/2018 Validation Activity: Activity Target Quality principles are being met 13/Jul/2018 Before shutting, the essential things required should be certified against set criteria or MOV 13/Jul/2018 Each phase in the wake of finishing should be supported by the benchmark criteria 13/Jul/2018 Project Closure Project Evaluation Annotated Bibliography: refer appendix Project Closure checklist: (Lewinson, 2011) The valued criteria earned should be maintained during the project All the quality features should meet All the expectations noted of high influential associates should meet Lessons learned is noted after a meeting with the project team and GlobexProject Evaluation: (Anglesey County Council , 2012), (Gustafsson Yadav, 2013) (Archibald, Filippo, Filippo, 2008) Before the beginning of the show has the ticket booking started? Can the profit margin increase the value by 8% more than the last years collection? Could more money be given to ICV? References Anglesey County Council . (2012). End of Project Evaluation Project Closure. EU Project Management Guidelines, 1-14. Archibald, R. D., Filippo, I. D., Filippo, D. D. (2008). The Six-Phase Comprehensive Project Life Cycle Model Including the Project Incubation/Feasibility Phase and the Post-Project Evaluation Phase. Retrieved October 2, 2017, from https://www.dphu.org: https://www.dphu.org/uploads/attachements/books/books_5917_0.pdf Gustafsson, B., Yadav, B. (2013). Closing IT projects: A Swedish public sector. Master Thesis in Informatics, 1-61. Lewinson, M. (2011, January 17). Project Closure Template Key Steps to Closing a Project. Retrieved September 30, 2017, from MyManagementGuide.com: https://www.mymanagementguide.com/project-closure-template-key-steps-to-closing-a-project/ Miller, S. A. (2008, January 22). Overview of Measurable Organizational Value (MOV). Retrieved September 30, 2017, from https://www.sheepguardingllama.com: https://www.sheepguardingllama.com/2008/01/overview-of-measureable-organizational-value-mov/ Project Management Knowledge. (2017). Cost Baseline. Retrieved September 30, 2017, from https://project-management-knowledge.com: https://project-management-knowledge.com/definitions/c/cost-baseline/ Project Smart. (2017). Work Breakdown Structure (WBS). Retrieved September 30, 2017, from projectsmart.co.uk: https://www.projectsmart.co.uk/work-breakdown-structure.ph Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-76410226873718881702020-03-29T07:37:00.001-07:002020-03-29T07:37:02.344-07:00The Language Battle Essays - Sociolinguistics, English Grammar The Language Battle The Language Battle In todays society there are two philosophical views that have become enemies and are constantly battling it out. These two views are from the prescriptivists and the descriptivists. The prescriptivists believe that there is a certain way that language should be written, and that language follows a certain set of rules believed to be prestigious. The descriptivists believe that language is described with the use of certain use of words and syntax. Since, todays society has had many technological advances many tend to lean more towards the descriptivists way of thinking. Many people believe that if a person has a higher educational level that they would most likely have a higher prestige in the way that they talked or presented themselves. In a survey that was recently taken on dialect 100% of the people said that the sentence The land was given to Susan and me. Is correct. The prescriptivists way of thinking prevailed in this form of dialect. One sentence that made most people think was This is the play in which he preformed in. The prescriptivists point of view was put into play in this situation. Only 40% of the people picked up on the fact that this sentence ended with a preposition and 60% said that there was nothing wrong and that is how they would say it. The other speech form that was most diverse was the plural of you. The prescriptivists say that the correct answer is you all. Only 30% of the people got this question right. The most common was the answer yall by 40% of the people. 20% of the people said you guys and 10% said your. Again wi th educational level the descriptivists way seems to prevail. Since the times have changed so much with all the technological advances language has changed in time too. As people started to age the answers started to be very different. On the question that asked what is the name of the object that a baby is brought home in from the hospital if it had wheels and could be taken for a walk. I found that the age groups from 15-20, 21-30, and 31-40 100% called it a stroller. In the 41-50 age group 50% said buggy and 50% called it a pram. The older people in the 60+ group 100% called it a carriage. The term carriage is one that is a lot older and not used very often. When asked, what utensil is used to fry food in? The older 60+ age group 100% said it was called a skillet, but the other age groups referr Speech and Communications Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-848831364386700402020-03-07T07:23:00.001-08:002020-03-07T07:23:08.364-08:00Descriptive Piece Essays - Free EssaysChildhood Memory/ Descriptive Piece Essays - Free Essays Childhood Memory/ Descriptive Piece Every fortnight I was faced with the taunting experience of retrieving the eggs and every fortnight the task became more and more daring. Each morning at Nonis (grandmother) house a war between the chickens and I emerged from the normally silent yard, a war that separated all good from the world and emphasized death, destruction and danger. Every morning at Nonis house the boy that I was turned into a manly structure, ready for battle. The sun beamed through the old wooden shutters as the light splashed across his dormant eyes, beckoning him to awaken and absorb the early morning warmth. Each ray of light produced a comforting sensation persuading the boy to emerge from his overnight coma and venture out beneath the newborn sun. The warmth soon turned to a chill as a noise from the far corner of the backyard seized everything that was pleasant. The chicken sounds were calling him, reminding him of his duty..tempting him. Awakening very slowly the boy began to prepare himself for battle, just the way his grandfather had told of his experiences. The boy began to prepare himself both physically and mentall, knowing that one mistake could be the difference between failure and success. The young boy was ready and the beast that lived inside of him was to be exposed to a morning of frightful duties. The young boy was now the beast and the beast was the young boy and with the two minds combined a war was about to begin. He marched with enormous confidence until he reached the large back door that was the gateway to either treasures or torment. A fear inside him was released as he opened the door and proceeded with his mission to recover the prized treasure. He had all senses alert and functioning, ready for any enemy attack from the large, distrustful chickens. His knees and elbows slid along the wet dew of the morning grass like a snake carefully maneuvering its body, hiding from any danger. In front of him was a large cluster of grapevines that blocked any vision or path towards the enemies' barracks. There was no way around the large tangled knot, as this method would expose his route of attack to the enemy. Having no other option the cunning boy had no choice but to go through the vines. His body becoming a large grapevine, ducking and weaving through the tangled domain. The vines did not appreciate his presence and every meter he gained a new gash tore open the bare skin on his legs. He sensed the pressure build as he reached the forefront of the enemy barracks. Before him was a large rusted structure which foreshadowed any positive aspects which had arisen from the attack. The enemy headquarters oozed with a vibe of danger and evil. He decided not to turn back and thus moved onwards. His mission was established and all his knowledge and expertise was then crafted into an attempt to conquer what was rightfully his. He slowly invaded the enemy fortress that was covered by a wide expanse of rust and debree. Slowly and quietly he maneuvered his way around the shed, carefully he did not to make any sudden movements or sounds so as to alert the enemy. He held his position momentarily and observed if there was any movement evident inside the enemy fortress. He stalked the enemy and he felt the enemy stalking him. He then reached the opening of the fortress. A large corrugated iron door separated the young boy from victory and this large barrier to entry was an unexpected obstacle and delay. The door was so big that the latch to grant access into the disgusting pit was not accessible. His plans were disrupted and so he used all of his knowledge to overcome this unexpected occurrence. There wasn't into the fortress and this small dilemma began to be extremely costly time-wise. Due to this loss in time my enemy slowly began to gain advantage over me and I knew that I had to act quickly in order to save my mission. In the far bottom corner of the shed I could see a small opening. Obviously my Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-24282570616962475782020-02-19T22:47:00.001-08:002020-02-19T22:47:03.088-08:00Elasticity of Demand Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsElasticity of Demand - Assignment Example Coffee, tea, and cocoa are substitute products under the beverages category, which causes cross price elasticity to be positive. This means a rise in the price of coffee causes the demand for tea to rise (Nicholson and Snyder, 2014). A coffee processor will always record increased total income after it lowers the price of its coffee products because of cross elasticity. Cross elasticity occurs mostly because of two opposing forces on overall sales returns when coffee products decrease in price. The first force originates from the processing company imposing a reduced price on every unit on sale (Nicholson and Snyder, 2014). The first force lowers total income. Nevertheless, the law of demand compels the amount of products customers are ready to buy to increase after a reduction in price. This law comes to play in the cross elasticity of demand for coffee. The other force of a reduction in coffee price is inclined to raise income since the amount of units sold rise too (Nicholson and Snyder, Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-70554193267959226402020-02-04T13:43:00.001-08:002020-02-04T13:43:02.932-08:00Question wk 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsQuestion wk 3 - Essay Example Leaders are big zeros without followers. Followers are the strengths and weaknesses of the leaders. Some leaders might get better followers and they will face fewer problems in leading them whereas some other leaders may get problematic followers and it is difficult for them to lead such followers towards the target. People will never follow somebody blindly. They will follow somebody for some purpose. Leaders can effectively lead the followers only if they will be able to provide genuine reasons for the mutual benefits. In any case, leadership and followership are interconnected and neither of it can survive without having the support from the other one. I expect my followers to support me always even if I made some unpopular decisions. They should realize that the ultimate aim of my decisions would be to reach the target which is good for them as well. If they have some disagreements with my decisions, I expect them to make me aware of it privately rather than complaining publicly. My followers should keep all their discussions with me as a private matter and they should never discuss it with their colleagues. Such open discussions may create problems to me as well as to them also. They should accept all the responsibilities provided to them. I donââ¬â¢t like somebody capable of taking a responsibility, denying it when it is offered to him. My followers should reveal the truth or the exact reasons to me if they were unable to do something instructed. They should never hide any information related to the project from me. Moreover, they should have better knowledge about their own strengths and weaknesses. I expect all my follower s to communicate well with me and communicate well with each other. They should take initiatives wherever possible to solve a problem and should not wait for my instructions always, if they have absolute surety of the solutions. I always try to keep all the above aspects of followership in my dealings with my Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-26790239893319474132020-01-27T10:06:00.001-08:002020-01-27T10:06:03.032-08:00Transcription Section of the Central DogmaTranscription Section of the Central Dogma Fulya TÃÅ"RKER TRANSCRIPTION: ONE OF THE KEY POINTS OF THE CENTRAL DOGMA ALTERNATIVE SPLICING It is known that the central dogma is the most important principle for an organism to carry on its lifespan. In the central dogma, there are 3 major stages: DNA replication and repair, transcription and translation. DNA replication can be simply described as the duplication of DNA. Transcription is the process of conversion DNA to mRNA. Last step is the translation which means the production of polypeptides from the mRNA, it is simply called as protein synthesis. In this essay, transcription section of the central dogma will be explained with detail. Why transcription is essential for living organisms? Without transcription there is no way to express genes. In order to synthesise protein, at first the mRNA should be formed from a DNA template. Proteins are the functional units in the cells which determine the phenotype of the living organisms. Since the polypeptide chains are formed from the mRNA, there should be a mechanism to create mRNA since it is not found in the cells initially. The proteins that are used in the determination of the phenotype carries the information of the used template DNA strand. DNA sequence is converted to mRNA sequence which then calls the amino acids according to this information. The amino acids form peptide bond with each other and at the end create one, long polypeptide chain. In order to initiate the process, there should be opening of two DNA strands. Since DNA is found as the double helix in the cells, when they are tightly bound to each other, RNA polymerase (the enzyme that adds nucleotides in the 3ââ¬â¢ end of the newly formed mRNA strands) canââ¬â¢t bind its template and so transcription canââ¬â¢t initiate. So, the cell must find a way to break the hydrogen bonds between the bases of the DNA strands. In the process of transcription, the essential element is an enzyme, RNA polymerase. What is the significance of this enzyme? AT first, it helps DNA strand to open up for a specific place. The strands are separated from each other and one of them will be selected by polymerase in order to bind and use the information. The newly formed RNA will be carrying the complementary base pairs of the strand that it binds and will have the same sequence with the other strand of the DNA. These are really important points. Of course the new strand will be RNA and eventually will carry uracil instead of thymine. Secondly, in order to elongate the RNA strand, there should be addition of ribonucleotides. During DNA replication, since we are creating new DNA strand, DNA polymerase is responsible for addition of deoxyribonucleotide. However, in transcription we are concerning about RNA strand production. Thatââ¬â¢s why our enzyme should use ribonuclrotides (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine). The hydrogen bonds that are formed between the RNA and DNA strands are very unstable. Thatââ¬â¢s why RNA polymerase only allows very small length of binding sequence. Also, another important question is that: how the energy for RNA polymerase to move is provided? Our ribonucleotides are carrying three phosphate molecules. Thatââ¬â¢s why, they are called adenosine triphosphate or guanine etc. When they are added to the newly formed strand, they will release two of the phosphate in their bases and provide the energy necessary for RNA polymerase. There are some significant differences between the RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase except that one is taking role in replication the other is the enzyme for transcription. As indicated before, DNA polymerase is taking place in the addition of deoxyribonucleotides in the replicated DNA, while RNA polymerase adds ribonucleotides in the newly transcribed RNA molecule. Also, DNA polymerase needs a primer in order to initiate the transcription, but for RNA polymerase it is not necessary. Lastly, in the replication, the repair mechanism is highly active since we are duplicating the DNA, the errors shouldnââ¬â¢t be tolerated that much, but during the transcription there might be some tolerance to mistakes since after the transcription the deformed or faulty mRNA will be recognized by a mechanism and be degraded. There are five major classes of RNAs. First one is the mRNA (messenger RNA). It is so much important since it is the template and carries the genetic information for the protein synthesis. In the cell, it can be found in really small amounts. The importance of the function and the amount of it is inversely proportional in this case. Second one is the rRNA (ribosomal RNA). This is the most abundant RNA type in the living organismsââ¬â¢ cells. As the name is indicating, this RNA type is responsible for the structural design of the ribosomes. Ribosome (which is the place where the translation occurs) is mostly composed of rRNAs and the ribosomal proteins. Ribosome formed in the nucleolus by the association of the rRNA and ribosomal proteins. Third one is also really important for the protein synthesis to occur, it is the most important adaptor in the living organismsââ¬â¢ cells. It is tRNA (transfer RNA); include anticodons which recognises the codons on the mRNA and then attach t o the corresponding protein and brings the amino acid to the ribosome structure and helps forming of the correctly ordered polypeptide chain. Fourth one is the snRNA that is responsible for the splicing of premature mRNA. The other types of RNAs are providing various benefits to the cell and take role in the cellular activities. It is known that the elongation of the new strand should be from 5ââ¬â¢ to 3ââ¬â¢. So this newly formed strand should use the template that is moving from 3ââ¬â¢ to 5ââ¬â¢. By pairing with the 3ââ¬â¢ end, its initial point will be 5ââ¬â¢ and it will elongate through 3ââ¬â¢. According to the direction of the movement of RNA polymerase, the mechanism will decide which strand (bottom or top strand) will be used by looking for the 3ââ¬â¢ end of the DNA template. Since there are different kinds of RNAs are formed, there should also be different type of RNA polymerase in eukaryotic cells. RNA polymeraseI is used in the transcription of specific rRNA molecules. RNA polymerase is used in order to produce genes that carries the information for protein synthesis (including mRNA) and also snRNA. Lastly RNA polymerase III transcribes the tRNA molecules, some rRNA and snRNA. The mechanism of the transcription is a little bit complicated. Because there are lots of additional proteins are involved in the process, without them transcription canââ¬â¢t occur in eucaryotes. There will be comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription machinery in the following parts of this essay. Letââ¬â¢s start with the transcription of the eukaryotes since it is much more complicated when it is compared to the prokaryotic system. At first, for the initiation of transcription in the eukaryotic gene has a specific sequence which is called as promoter and composed of TATA sequence. This sequence has an essential role in the transcription Ãâ¦Ã ¸n order to initiate the process. This TATA sequence is around 25 base pairs upstream from the initiator site and RNA polymerase II recognizes this site and can binds there with the help of protein complex which is called as transcription factors .The first general factor that is used in the process is TFIID and cont ains a specific part that is called TBP (TATA binding protein). TBP will fit the TATA box and activates the addition of other general transcription factor binding. When they are added to the complex RNA polymerase (contains other transcription factor on it) will be able to bind to the start site. Another important factor in the transcription initiation is the activator proteins. Those areTFIIH has a key role in this process since its ability to give the signals for the unwinding of the DNA strands by hydrolysis of the ATP. This ATP usage by TFIIH causes some modification to occur on the RNA polymerase (mostly phosphorylation). This process changes the RNA polymeraseââ¬â¢s shape and allows the detachment of the transcription factors from the complex so from now on the initiation of the transcription ends and elongation process is ready to start. For the transcription initiation to carry on, there are some specific sequence on the genome that are called ââ¬Å"enhancersâ⬠. Enhancers have a specific property, they are the site for activator protein binding. Enhancers may be thousands of base pair away from the RNA polymerase binding site however it has a specific ability to bend over and find the RNA polymerase so eventually let the activator proteins to interact with the other transcriptional factors on the start site or on the RNA polymerase. In addition to that in order to create a chance for the protein complex to bind to DNA, DNA must be loosely packed. Since, in normal conditions, DNA is found in a very strictly packaged conformation, this must change. Proteins need some sequence to be bound, however if the DNA is packaged strictly in the nucleosome, the transcription factor binding is impossible. So, there are some complex processes that are responsible for the change the packed conformation of the DNA and increase the approachability of the DNA by the transcriptional factor and RNA polymerase. There are mainly two ways to accomplish this aim: chromatin remodelling complex and histone modification. Remodelling complex separates the histones from the DNA strands slightly and the DNA will have a loose conformation. Histone modification is the second way for the increasing of the deforming the packed DNA. Histone acetylation is the best known technique. Histone acetylation causes the histone proteins on the nucleosome t o release the DNA slightly and make protein binding to DNA possible. Second step of the transcription is called the elongation process. There are some elongation factors which provide the attachment of RNA polymerase to DNA throughout the transcription process. Also, they carry out the RNA polymerase and increase its tolerance to the different sequences that should be transcribed. In the elongation stage, the ribonucleotides will be added to the newly formed RNA strand and at the end there will be a termination signal which causes RNA polymerase-DNA interaction breakage and lead to the product which is called precurser mature mRNA (pre-mRNA). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA needs to be exposed to some modification and of course alternative splicing. Since our genome, most of the eukaryotic organismsââ¬â¢ genome is composed of coding (exon) and non-coding (intron) regions, in order to translation process to occur, the pre-mRNA must cleaved from the intron sequences. In addition to that, pre-mRNA needs to be modified and the 2 ends of the pre-mRNA must have some additional feature. This is important because the translational process canââ¬â¢t occur without the cap modifications. Those modifications marks the mRNA as a healthy and usable product and also help the mRNA to be transported to the cytoplasm (protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm) from the nucleus. Firstly, letââ¬â¢s indicate the cap modifications. In the pre-mRNA, there are 2 caps: 5ââ¬â¢ cap and 3ââ¬â¢ cap. 5ââ¬â¢ cap should be modified by the addition of 7-methylguanosine. This procedure is activated by phosphates enzyme, guanyl transferase (GTP to GMP+PP) and methyl transferase. By addition of methylguanosine, the mRNA product is separated from the other RNA molecules and also mRNA, now, will be able to transported to the cytoplasm. 3ââ¬â¢ cap is also exposed to additional modification: Poly Adenine tail. At the end of the mRNA product, there will be addition of adenine ribonucleotides and this sequence will prevent the degradation of the mRNA. However, the most exciting and different process that the eukaryotic pre-mRNA is faced with is the splicing. At the beginning and end of each intron, there are a specific sequences that indicates that the machinery is dealing with an intron. The 5ââ¬â¢ end of the intron mostly contains GU and 3ââ¬â¢ end of it contains AG. Also we have specific base in the middle of the intron, Adenine, which is also called as a branch point and gives the signal for 5ââ¬â¢ end binding and the formation of the lariat with the help of the snRNPs. What are the snRNPs and what is their role? At first, as it is claimed in the earliest pages of this essay, there is a specific RNA type which is known as snRNA (small nuclear RNA) which are the important factors in the RNA splicing. In the splicing theory, the 5 of them play an active role: U1, U2, U4, U5, U6. Those particles recognise the exon and intron end and start points and can distinguish them so help the splicing process a lot. Each of them co ntain at least seven proteins and form snRNPs (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein) which afterwards creates a structure that is called a ââ¬Å"spliceosomeâ⬠. Now, in the following section each snRNP that is actively join the splicing process will be explained. At first, there is a BBP protein which binds to the branch point (mostly Adenine). U2 snRNP recognizes BBP binding and replaces this protein with itself and form interaction with the branch point. U2 pushes A to the outside of the sequence and allows the attack of the 5ââ¬â¢ site to this specific base. U1 initially recognises the 5ââ¬â¢ end of the intron. U4-U5-U6 joins the process as a triplet. U4 and U6 is dissociated from each other and U6 removes the U1 snRNP and sits onto the 5ââ¬â¢ end. U6 and branch point interacts and come closer (the process is called first phosphoryl transfer-reaction). At the end of this process lariat formation occurs. Lastly, U5 causes exon-exon interactions and second phosphoryl-transfer reaction takes place. At the end of this process the RNA is spliced and the mature mRNA is formed. In mature mRNA, there is 5ââ¬â¢ cap, 3ââ¬â¢ poly a tail and no introns. From now on, this mRNA is ready to synthesise the protein (the process of translatio n). Also, there is a theory of alternative splicing which should be mentioned in the discussion about the RNA splicing subject. After the removal of the introns, some exon can leave the sequence and cause alternative sequences. In this process, no shuffling of exons is allowed, but some of them leave the track. The first exon, which carries the start codon AUG, canââ¬â¢t change. It must be always found in the first position of the mature mRNA. The last exon of the spliced RNA must also contain one of the stop codons (UAA,UAG, UGA). But, other exon sequences are allowed to change without shuffling. Exon orders must be preserved. The below diagram indicates the process of the alternative splicing: Lastly, it is important to mention about the differences between the eukaryotic and prokaryotic transcription. In prokaryotes, we have a special term for the DNA which is called an operon. Operon carries the information for more than one gene and transcribed by the single promoter, eventually create a single mRNA which contain more than one gene. This single mRNA will be translated and eventually produce more than one protein, this characteristic of the prokaryotic DNA is called as ââ¬Å"polycistronicâ⬠gene. However, in eucaryotes, there is only one gene that is transcribed at once. Thatââ¬â¢s why eukaryotic organisms are called as ââ¬Å"monocistronicâ⬠. Prokaryotic transcription is only dependent to one factor in order to hold the RNA polymerase on the DNA while the eukaryotic transcription needs so many transcription factor, additional proteins and mediators. Also, since the prokaryotic DNA is found in a loose conformation in its original form, there is no need to use additional modification to destroy the packed structure as in the eukaryotes. So prokaryotic transcription machinery doesnââ¬â¢t use any chromatin remodelling complex or histone modifications. Prokaryotes donââ¬â¢t have intron in their pre-mRNA so there is no splicing in their mRNA after it is synthesised. They are free from introns, their mRNA is composed of more than one gene. Lastly, prokaryotes donââ¬â¢t need additional cap modification after the transcription of the mRNA. the mRNA can be easily transcribed as soon as they are synthesised. References: Belfort, M. (1989). RNA: Catalysis, splicing, evolution. Amsterdam: Elsevier . Belotserkovskaya, R., Saunders, A., Lis, J., Reinberg, D. (n.d.). Transcription through chromatin: Understanding a complex FACT. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Gene Structure and Expression, 87-99. Dahlberg, J. (1989). RNA processing. San Diego: Academic Press. Darnell, J., Lodish, H. (1990). Molecular cell biology (2nd ed.). New York: Scientific American Books :. Elliott, D., Ladomery, M. (2011). Molecular biology of RNA. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Goodrich, J. A.; Tjian, R. (1994). Transcription factors IIE and IIH and ATP hydrolysis direct promoter clearance by RNA polymerase II. Cell. Latchman, D. (2004). Eukaryotic transcription factors (4th ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press. Locker, J. (2001). Transcription factors. Oxford: BIOS ;. Ohyama, T. (2005). DNA conformation and transcription. Georgetown, Tex.: Landes Bioscience/Eurekah.com ;. Raven, Peter H. (2011). Biology (9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. Stamm, S. (2012). Alternative pre-mRNA splicing theory and protocols. Weinheim: Wiley-Blackwell. Wagner, R. (2000). Transcription regulation in prokaryotes. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-8655440586693763902020-01-19T06:29:00.001-08:002020-01-19T06:29:05.203-08:00The Effects of Slavery on African-AmericansSlavery obviously had no small affect on the lives of millions of African-Americans in America. Both the North and South had strict rules on how the race was placed in society, rules that placed them far beneath any social class in America. It could be said that even free slaves, could never actually be ââ¬Å"freeâ⬠due to a complete lack of social equality granted by the American Government. Blacks were treated as something less than a human being, something like a product; this product was sold and traded around the country, and was the basis of the entire country's economy.Working in the fields from dusk to dawn not only hindered African-American's physically, but also exhausted them in the social and mental aspects of life. Slavery affected the lives of African-Americans in the South and the North by hindering them socially, mentally, and physically. Socially, African-American's were at the complete bottom of the list. Even the backwoods, workless ââ¬Å"hillbilliesâ⬠who lived nearly as harsh of lives as the African-Americans did were well above the slaves in social aspects.African-Americans in the South were completely deprived of any sort of education, including the simple knowledge of reading and writing. Black schools in the North were much despised, in one case, a school dedicated to the teaching of African-Americans was drug into a pond by a group of local whites. Blacks, horribly mistreated had virtually no legal rights, and could not even testify against a white person in court. This meant that no matter how brutally a slave was beaten, he could not do a thing about it.The ââ¬Å"freeâ⬠blacks had little freedom also, and were treated as a kind of ââ¬Å"third raceâ⬠in society. These people were essentially slaves still, only without a master. Secondly, African-Americans were hindered very much in the mental aspect. Blacks had no hope of social mobility in their country and recognized this. This, to many blacks became a degrad ing truth. They also felt deprived of their dignity and responsibility in the world. Knowing all of these depressing truths, many blacks esentially gave up and stopped putting so much effort into their role in society.Thus began the stereotype of the ââ¬Å"lazyâ⬠African-American, who did just enough to get by, or purposely destroyed machinery in hopes of dodging work. Treatment of blacks within the family varied, some blacks in the upper South were treated as family while blacks in the deep South were whipped and branded on a regular basis. Lastly, the most apparent type of abuse that the African-Americans had to deal with was the physical abuse. Blacks toiled in the fields of cotton from dusk to dawn during their long work days.Masters were allowed to punish their slaves as they pleased, allowing them to whip their slaves if they weren't pleased with their effort. The Government offered no real type of protection to slaves due to the law that forbidded any African-American t o testify against a white in court. Even African-Americans that were finally free had to fear that they may be recaptured at any moment, and they could do nothnig about it. In the North, blacks were definitely a rare race. The blacks that were seen were discriminated against significantly, some blacks weren't even allowed entrance to certain states!In conclusion, African-Americans were placed at the pit of society throughout the 19th century. They had virtually no rights, and were worked tirelessly for a lifetime. African-Americans were not only exhausted by physical work, but they were also beaten in the mental and social aspects. Blacks almost always kept hope, and used the idea of being a free black as motivation, though this third race didn't have such a well-off life either. Slavery affected the lives of African-Americans in the South and the North by hindering them socially, mentally, and physically. Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-3776170689648657572020-01-11T02:53:00.001-08:002020-01-11T02:53:03.443-08:00Cultural Interaction Analysis EssayMining is a process that is composed of three major logical, organized and sequential phases; exploration, development and production with unique risks, economic considerations and constraints characterizing each stage. Before deciding to develop a mine the mining company first considers the social, socioeconomic and environmental consequences of the decision. This paper discusses the problems that the foreign mining companies face while undertaking their mining processes in a community with different culture than theirs. The major hitches they faced mostly included; power differential, permeability and psychosocial factors like suspicion and fear between the company staff and the local community members. A Canadian gold mining company in Ghana faced these challenges during their stay in this West African country. The crises originated from language barrier and past experiences the local communities encountered with other mining firms. Although the official language in Ghana is English the larger percentage of local residents were illiterate and were only conversant with their local dialects. This made conversation a problem as the miners could not learn those languages easily. Even with the assistance of interpreters there was distortion of facts resulting into power differences. Similarly, sections of the community were so indifferent with the mining company since the previous mining companies had negative effects to their environment and families. Their children whom they taught were to earn their living from these mining companies were instead exploited. However, the major factors that affected the company-community relations and which also had an immense impact on how exploration activities were viewed by this community included: First, the cultural diversity between modern business practices of developed countries as represented by exploration activities and traditional communities. Second, was the extreme power differential that existed in any contact between the two interacting groups. The locals perceived the exploration activities in seclusion and with minimal knowledge of the larger picture within the mining industry and therefore they were not only uncertain but also fearful concerning the exploration activities. The local community rarely understood the risks that were associated with mineral exploration as well as the period of time required to prove the economic viability of the mineral deposits. They further assumed that a mining company would only invest huge amounts of money with a fixed time frame for advanced exploration. The mining companies were unable to bridge these power differentials that resulted into justifiable expectations as well as fears from the locals. But the expectations were antagonistic to the reality on the ground about the mine to be developed. These communities were unable to distinguish between a major company and a junior company whereby to them these companies appeared to be equally rich, powerful and potentially threatening. Additionally, the local community feared being marginalized due to language barrier and power impermeability and wished to be given a continuous update of day-to-day events of the company. They further expected to receive immediate answers to their worries from the company officials. Since these fears were not addressed in time by this Canadian company there immerged ill-founded rumors and misinformed messages which gained credibility within and among the community members resulting into increased fear and disquiet from the community (Ian Thomson and Susan A. Joyce 2000). This situations surrounded by fear and distrust between the community and the company severed the communication and understanding between the two giving way to outside interest groups and thus impairing further efforts for deliberations. The experiences and the extent to which the community felt uncertain about the future impacts of mining activities mining industry led into increased suspicions. The Communities viewed the mining industries differently depending on the previous exposure to mining explorations. Members of those communities without a history of mining were naive and inactive towards exploration activities which were taking place around them since they believed that good things like job opportunities and development of the area were to be associated with these explorations as well as mining activities. On the other hand, the responses of those communities which had an history of mining were diverse since some were willing to welcome exploration while others unwilling and instead turned hostile to the presence of foreign interest or as well as opposed a return to environmental and social destructiveness experienced in previous mining activities. Areas with small scale artisan mining were so much opposed to these mining activities since they feared being displaced, their traditional livelihoods being destroyed and alteration of their way of life within their community. The mining company did not take time to make the local community understood well the nature of their work as well as address the hopes, fears, traditions and social norms that may result into conflict and negative consequences to all parties. However, the mining company could prevent all these from occurring by forming a community relations team whose major role would be to mitigate the impacts as well as to build a harmonious relationship based on proper handling of expectations, prevention and resolution of conflicts. The community relations team should also be involved in incorporating the results of stake holders, mapping process, identification of Impact area and summarizing quantifiable objectives and targets based on management indicators that are measurable (Chuck F and Fernando R. 2007). Equally, the community relations programs and policies should cover local purchasing, local manpower, hiring training, land purchase and resettlement grievance resolution. The community should be consulted in every endeavor that the industry engages in as well as collaborating with the local communities to fully understand the social cultural values and aspirations and reach a consensus on the best priorities identified by the community. 2nd Analysis It has been established that Canadian mining companies have the largest stake in the mining industry in most third world countries. Official records indicate that this stake is at 30% of all mining prospects in Africa. South Africa too plays a huge role, it is home to many giants mining companies in Africa and consequently the largest mining company is the world DeBeers is based and headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa, it has mining interests expanding throughout the world. These two companies have dominated the mining industry mostly in the third world and have over the past years been on the focus over various issues but mostly centering on their relationships with the surrounding environment and the communities As afore maintained, mining companies have strained relations with the locals. This relation is centrally compounded by the difference in cultural dispositions and the overbearing ulterior motivates of mining companies. Profit remains the basic drive in business and the mining companies pursue it at whatever cost, many times with no consideration of the localsââ¬â¢ needs and priorities. An analysis of cultural interaction between the miners and the local communities must take this in to account. A look too in Latin America also produces this grim picture. Latin Americans have been up in arms over what they claim are exploitative tendencies from the mining companies. This is the basis of analysis of the culture between the miners and the neighboring communities. The relationship between employees and the neighboring community is also equally strained and both have a rough time interacting with each other. A look at the mining culture over time indicates that it tends to disregard the community interests and the relations between the two are usually digress to a point of hostility Jacobdeen Higgins is an engineer with one of Canadian companies based in Latin America. This is his fifth month in Ecuador, having been transferred to Quito after leaving an equally lucrative job in his homeland Canada. His relocation to Ecuador was after a promise of a hefty allowance as well as other fringe benefits. In his middle age, this is his first time to travel out of Canada and consequently his interaction with people from the developing countries. He has been born and raised in a country and a neighborhood that has not amply prepared him to interact with people of diverse backgrounds and mostly those that live with an income of below a dollar per day. This factor is further exacerbated by the nature of his occupation. He is a miner and the perception the locals in Ecuador have of miners is one of fear and hatred. They see them as exploitative and only seeking to deflower the vast virginal and resourceful land in Ecuador. The first issue Higgins has come to grapple with is the difference in the orientation of the local communities cultures and way of life with that of Canadian miners. There exist such fundamental variations in the two cultures such that the interests between them are always at a crossroad. The first barrier and major difference that Higgins has had to cope with is the language. This however is not unique to Canadian miners in Latin America but is a problem faced by most miners in foreign lands and aggravates an already sour situation. This is one predicament that miners tend to overlook. They do not take time to learn a few lessons on the cultural disposition of the local communities. Higgins is only fluent in English, it is his only language and beside that he can only catch a few French words. On the other hand Ecuador is a Spanish speaking country and in deed it is the official language. Besides that, there are other local dialects that would take years to learn. His company has based its operations in Napo province. It is a territory that is laden with mineral resources, but the company has centrally for the time being focused on gold. The communities residing in Napo province are yet to come in to contact with large mining companies with such huge machines and large workforce mainly composing of foreigners. Very few too understand or speak English. The majority of the leading personnel on these mining companies do not understand Spanish or worse still the local dialects Higgins has been at pains trying to interact with local community and mostly has to employ the use of interpreters who charge exorbitant prices. His position in the company requires him to source for laborers from the neighboring villages and small towns, in so doing the potential laborers have to undergo strenuous interviews to establish their skills and competencies. This is a nightmare he has to contend with in his daily activities. First comes the issue of hostility from the locals and then the tricky situation of the local language (www. mineralresourcesforum). Small-scale mining has been entrenched in the local communityââ¬â¢s economic system. Artisan miners roam all over and wield so much influence in the community due to the lucrative nature of their venture. To them, and equally to the rest of the community, Higgins and his work colleagues are foreigners and should be accorded the treatment befitting intruders. This however is understandable as the large companies pose a threat to their livelihood. To the rest of the community the miners are a threat to their lands and open hostility is only way to pass this message. Others in the same community view Higgins with a mixture of dread and awe. He drives a big four-wheel state of the art vehicle, a luxury machine and a reserve of the top government executives and rich businessmen. He clearly does not understand the lives of the locals and does not understand why the locals are reluctant to leave their lands when there is a goldmine lying underneath. In his first days in Napo province, Higgins had been enthusiastic of this first chance to interact with the locals, however his friendly grins were usually met with cold stares and mostly harsh insults form the locals as he later came to learn from a political representative who nowadays acts as his guide just because he understands a few English words. Communication has been difficult to a point of frustration, attempts to reward with kind words or reprimand his employees are met with again cold stares; they just cant communicate with each other. This has resulted to a situation characterized by hostility from both the company and the local community. They rarely communicate with each other beyond a point of need. Higgins is now filled with disparage for the locals. He has been unable to understand their needs and neither their hostility, to him and to the rest of the miners. The minimal interaction he has had with the locals has not helped patch this ill feeling towards them. But for the cheap source of labor, Higgins would not wish to interact in any way. This is the notion and the perception held by both parties and emanates from the inherent cultural differences existing between the miners and the communities. Whereas miners such as Higgins are driven by personal economic motives, the locals on the other hand are wary of the miners and fail to see the long term economic benefits that may arise, they abhor the environmental degradations and social afflicts the mining will have on the surroundings and especially on their lands. 3rd Analysis This Canadian mining company has also to contend with the challenge of safety, more so, convincing the community of the appropriateness of the measures put in place to ensure the safety of the workers and the environment. The issue of communication not withstanding, safety concerns continue to bug the mining companies. It is not a secret the extent of devastation meted out against the locality of the mining operations. They leave huge dents on the surface of the earth and damage the natural habitat permanently. The surrounding communities are aware of this and they usually fight tooth and nail to have the companies relocate their activities or demand huge compensations, which in most cases pass unyielded to. Higgins is in the same position; he stands between a rock and a hard place. The company wants to mine, explore and exit within the allocated time but the neighboring communities are unrelenting in their adamant resolve not to give way. Miners culture has over time not demonstrated any considerations for the welfare of the environment, driven by surreptitious intentions, environmental needs take a back seat being overridden by profit maximization needs. Rarely does it have any room for plough backs directed towards environmental conservation. Being in an influential position as he is, Higgins is at the forefront in building a favorable relationship between the community and the company. He is also aware of the implications of the companyââ¬â¢s mining operations but he is not in a position to call the shots within the management. He has a rough time trying to make his guide understand this. He also thinks that the devastations caused by the miners are exaggerated compared to the benefits that are reaped through mining. As the guide tells him, the local communityââ¬â¢s hostility emanates from this fear. They fear the environmental impact of the mining project, the hazards that lie in wait resulting from the industrial wastes and air pollution from clouds of dusts emanating from the earthââ¬â¢s bowels. A look at the vast lands in Napo province reveals an expansive land untainted by the vulgarities of modernity. Most of the land is still in its virginal state and is characterized by uninhabited territories that remain revered and cherished by the locals. The mood on the ground is set against the mining companies operations. The vast natural habitat is a source of spiritual inspiration to the surrounding communities and has come to wither a lot of human onslaughts. To Higgins and the mining company in general, those perceived considerations do not hold any water. They are in business and will pursue their interests to the end. It is an economic venture that eventually stands to benefit the locals through employment opportunities. Producing more benefits than the natural habitat in its current state stands to do. Mining culture is impervious to environmental hazards consideration; its eyes are on the prize and not on the sideshows. It is not in line with the local communities worries on safety in the environment. Miners are hungry for profit and the only way to maximize it is through intensifying their explorations. Higginsââ¬â¢ guide cannot understand this selfish drive and likewise the local communityââ¬â¢s does not. They value social interactions and solidarity more than economic ventures. The community is close knit and not highly commercialized to a point of neglecting social ties. The attachment with the environment is to a point of divinity. The environment is clean and the mining operations are a threat to this, they fear that it will bring pollution that in the end might result to diseases and other health complications. The safety of the environment remains the central factor. To most local communities where mining takes place, the environment is not the only safety consideration; safety within the mine is also taken into account. Higgins has had a rough time trying to explain the safety measures put in place to ensure that his (and that of other employees) safety in the mines, but the few incidences in the mines world over that have resulted to fatalities are a prove that the unexpected sometimes happen. His guide as well as the rest of the community are convinced otherwise. The prevalent perception and notion held by the majority of the local people is that the mines are not a safe place to work in, the sight of the complicated machines and the large pits confirms this, the miners recognize these machines and the large pits as a source of livelihood. Higgins is an engineer and understands the internal dynamics of these machines. He has operated these machines and been in the bottom of the pits for years and is convinced that they are safe. The necessary measures have been put in place to ensure this. This is the same headache facing Higgins as he tries to recruit more and more workers. The local community is adamant on the safety hazard of the mine. They claim that it can collapse any moment as a result of the spirits vexation towards humanity for destroying its habitat. Few people are volunteering for the underground mining due to the perceived hazards. The local community is also set against this. Families, even in the rampant poverty, are willing to see their family members involved in the mining activities. Pressure is being put by the families of the young men who are in search of quick bucks in the mines, they donââ¬â¢t want to see them volunteering for the underground operations. The local community, according to Higginsââ¬â¢ guide, knows that the dust from the mine can lead to health complications that can turn fatal in the long run. A look at the local communities cultural beliefs, practices and perceptions reveals that they are different from the mining culture. Miners are more concerned with the output and the benefits in the mines more than with the safety environmental consideration. Miners are trained scientists and rarely take a course on social relations. They do not understand the complexities of the local community and the diverse nature of their culture (Lia Bryant and Delrdre Tedmanson 2002). To them, mining is just but a renewed opportunity to make a killing. It is important that the mining culture undergoes a major transformation to ensure that miners are more responsive to the local communitiesââ¬â¢ needs and aspirations. They should enact mechanisms through which the mining companies should plough back a portion of their profit back into the community to ensure a trickle down effect to the people on the ground. The hostility that arises between the mining companies and the locals usually is fostered by the reluctance of the miners to take time and understand the local community. People are of diverse cultural backgrounds and have some ununderstandable attachment to their ancestral lands. This is not expected to change over night. Understanding the underlying cultural factors and language should be a prerequisite to mining activities. References Ian Thomson and Susan A. Joyce (2000-08-17). Minerals exploration and the challenge Of community relations: PDAC accessed online on 23/10/07 http://www. pdac. ca. pda/members/community/relate. pdf Chuck foster and Fernando Rivera (2007): Mining in Ecuador Hard assets investor. com Accessed online on 23/10/2007 http://hardassetsinvestor. com/index. php Lia Bryant and Delrdre Tedmanson (2002): Diversity in the mining industry: the International journal of knowledge, culture and change management. Accessed Online on 23/10/2007 http://ijm. cgpublisher. com/product/pub. 28/prod. 241 Doctor Mthethwa, Matthews Hlabane, and Ibinini Mara: Breaking communication Barriers between communities affected by mining and the mining industry in South Africa accessed online on 2007 October 23rd. http://www. mineralresourcesforum. org/docs/pdfs/communication. pdf Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-38077634763790394032020-01-02T23:16:00.001-08:002020-01-02T23:16:05.511-08:00Information Act - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3610 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Act Essay Corruption Essay Information Essay Did you like this example? Executive Summary The Indian Government, to promote transparency and accountability in the administration processes, brought into force the Right to Information Act on October 12th, 2005. As per the Parliament of India, the purpose of the RTI Act is ââ¬Ëto provide for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizensââ¬â¢[i]. The Act applies to all the states and union territories of India, except Jammu and Kashmir. The Act is applicable to all constitutional authorities ââ¬â any institution or body constituted by an act of Parliament or state legislature ââ¬â including the executive, judiciary and the legislature. This act empowered the citizens of India to seek information from public authorities. In particular, the RTI act was expected to have a huge impact on the quality of the life of the poor and other backward sections of the community. Over the last five years, several incidents have highlighted that the RTI act has enough ââ¬Ët eethââ¬â¢ in it to bring radical increase in transparency and reduction in corruption. At the same time, it has to be accepted that the act has not reached the envisioned level. However, the institutional mechanism for the implementation of act are in place and some stakeholders like media and civil right activists have been making extensive usage of the act to bring transparency and objectivity in the functioning of various public offices. However, the reach of civil society organizations and social activists is limited owing to the geographical size and population. The success stories of the RTI act range from identifying lost postal orders to highlighting scams worth crores of rupees. Though, corruption and other inefficiencies in the Government were known earlier, citizens could not take any recourse measure. However, with the advent of the RTI act, this situation has changed. Public has found a powerful tool to bring measurability and accountability at all levels of go vernance. During the study for this report, it was found that the major issues in the implementation of the RTI Act are ââ¬â lack of awareness in the public, inconvenience in requesting information, lack of support for concerned uthorities, lack of accountability and clarity in role, lack of infrastructure and training, inefficiencies at Information Commissions and the passive nature of Government in implementing the act. Another challenge before the Government is to aggressively encourage ââ¬Ëvoluntary disclosure of informationââ¬â¢ among its various authorities. Government needs to take proactive measure for the RTI act to live up to its expected potential. It needs to take steps to improve awareness among citizens, assist the applicants, set up independent and third-party audit committees to review the functioning of Information Commissions, generate efficient models for processing RTI files etc. Detailed Summary The Indian Constitution was written with an implicit r ight to knowledge. But then, over the years, as the Government mechanisms became more and more bureaucratic and political, many Government employees started looking at increasing their influence in the organisation ââ¬â and that started off with with-holding information. Farmers and others who were kept in the dark regarding many Govt policies protested and the basis for RTI was born. The Right to Information Act was passed in mid 2005 and was effective from October 2005[ii]. It superseded all the other special laws that had until then guarded official information in India, like the Official Secrets acti. Salient features and Social Impact: The six chapters and thirty one sections[iii] of the Right to Information act (2005) empower every citizen of India to ask any question and seek any information from the Government. By information, we mean records, memos, circulars, documents, e-mails, opinions, samples, models, advices, press releases, reports, papers, orders, logbooks , contracts and electronically stored information[iv]. RTI, however, is not absolute, as in, sections 8 and 9 tell us about the categories of information that are exempt from disclosure[v]. Categories under section 8, if demanded to serve a larger public interest, can be disclosedi. A common citizen cannot be denied any information that cannot be denied to state / legislative assemblies or a parliamentary housev. Information can be demanded from any central or state government departments, including panchayats, and from any other organization (including Non-governmental organisations) that is owned, controlled, established or substantially financed in any way by any section of the government, be it central or state[vi]. We should note that the act does not apply to the state of Jammu and Kashmir[vii]. Every Government department that comes under the purview of the RTI designated a Public Information Officer (PIO) and several Assistant PIOs within 100 days of the enactment of the law[viii]. Some documents, as per Section 4, were also required to be made available to the public suo moto by the Government authoritiesvii i. e. on their own, without anyone demanding to know. The PIO can take up to 30 days (plus a few days for postal delays etc) to get back to the applicantviii. He can also take an additional 5 days if the application is sent to the wrong department and needs to be transferred to another dept and another 15 days if there are unavoidable delays (after notifying the applicant in writing). ix] If the applicant doesnââ¬â¢t receive any information from the PIO past the specified date or if the received reply is not satisfactory, the issue can be escalated to the first appellate authority within another 30 days[x]. If the first appellate authority cannot give a satisfactory reply either within the stipulated 30 day time limit, the issue can be taken to the notice of the second appellate authority within 90 days of receiving the first appeal order svii. There is no time limit for the CIC (Central Information Commission) to reply to the second appealvii. The fee for application varies from department to department and is dependent on whether the applicant seeks information from the state or the central governments ââ¬â but then, it is very much affordable for the massesi. The Central Government, for example, has a fee of INR 10 for application and a further INR 2 for every page that was created and copied[xi]. In the first few years, even though the suo moto disclosures have not really lived up to expectations, several people and organisations have benefited by the act; from 70 year old Kaniram, who got his entitlement of PDS food grains that was denied to him for a whole year, to nine year old Pranav who forced Delhi Police to register a complaint regarding the bicycle that he lost[xii]. Students got the UPSC to disclose the cut-off marks and Krishak Mukti Sangram Samiti in Assam used the Right to Information act to expose illegal diversion of food grains that were allotted to the poor from the PDS centres[xiii]. These are just samples taken from a bigger list of victories for the RTI act and the common manix. The RTI act does have its issues about which we will discuss in a while. Several non-governmental organisations like Parivartan[xiv] (led by Arvind Khejriwal) and Kabir[xv] exist primarily to help people with the Right to Information act and create as much awareness as possible, given that not everyone knows just how potent the act is. We believe that continuous usage of this act and timely follow up from the Officers would lead to a culture of openness in the society. The application filed by Pranav, even if it sounds like an elementary issue, speaks a lot about what the young generation is growing up to. Origination of the Idea Though Indian is a liberal democracy, people are mostly denied access to basic information in the public domain. The Constitution of India does not grant a right to information explicitly. However, the Supreme Court of India has held in several cases that the right to information is implicit in the constitutional rights of freedom of speech and expression (Article 19 (1)(a) and right to life and liberty (Article 21). xvi] The Right to Information campaign in India began with the Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS), a small but a powerful union of agricultural labour in a remote village Dengungri, Rajasthan. The village accounts had entries of nonexistent people and shadow developmental expenses[xvii] and the illiterate villagers were denied their wages[xviii]. The anger and determination of the villagers to hold the government accountable and bring in transparency in village accounts initiated the Right to Information movement. MKSS demanded that copies of all documents related to public work are made available to people, for a public audit[xix]. The significance of the struggle by MKSS was its fundamental premise that ordinary people must not be condemned to remain dependent on chance or someone else to free them from the oppressions of corruption. Instead, they must be empowered to control and fight the corruption on their own. The success of the MKSS movement led to the genesis of a broader disclosure on RTI in India. In 1993, the Consumer Education and Research Council, Ahmedabad (CERC) proposed a draft RTI law[xx]. During 1996-97, the Press Council of India submitted two draft model laws on the RTI but these were not considered seriously by the Government. In 1996, MKSSs advocacy gave rise to the National Campaign on Peoples Right to Information (NCPRI), an organization which aimed to support for the right to information and to lobby the government for enactment and effective access to information legislation[xxi]. The members of the NCPRI included ex government workers, well connected leaders many of whom had been a part of the local campaigns or jan sangathans. xxii] In 1997, the Shourie committe e, under the chairmanship of Mr H. D. Shourie came up with draft legislation on the freedom of information which was criticised for not adopting a high enough standard. The draft was reworked into the Freedom of Information Bill 2000 which also was eventually rejected. The National advisory commission (NAC) was set up to oversee the implementation on the Common minimum program and since then it has been working closely on the RTI. In May 2005, the RTI amendment bill was tabled and passed in Lok Sabha. Soon after the Rajya Sabha passed the bill, the then President APJ Abdul Kalam gave his assent to the Act. On 12th October, 2005, The Right to Information Act formally came into force. Key Issues in implementation of RTI Act 1. Low public awareness: The first and foremost issue in the implementation of the act is the lack of public awareness. Former Chief Information Commissioner Mr. Wajahat Habibullah recently expressed concerns that public awareness about Right to Information (RTI ) Act is not as high as it should have been[xxiii]. A survey conducted by Price Water Coopers has revealed that only 15% of the respondents were aware of the act[xxiv]. This lack of awareness is acute among women, rural population and people from backward castes (Refer the charts in exhibits). This defeats the basic purpose of act i. e providing information to the common man. Another important problem in this regard is the quality of awareness. Most of the people who claim to be aware of the RTI act are poor in terms of quality of awareness i. e how much information can be asked, what type of information can be asked for and from whom the information can be asked for. This problem was tried to overcome by encouraging ââ¬Ëproactive disclosure of the informationââ¬â¢ by institutions. However, this being optional as against mandatory in some other countries, has not resulted in any effective dissemination of information. 2. Constraints while filling the application: Lack of proper user guidelines is resulting in significant efforts on the part of the information seeker to gather knowledge about the process for RTI request submission. This lack of procedural guidelines is putting off many citizens from requesting information. Very few states have provided standard application forms for filing an RTI request[xxv]. Also, though the law allows a citizen to make a request through electronic means, in reality, the efforts made to receive requests through such media are grossly inadequate. Another related problem is the lack of assistance and non-friendly attitude of PIOs (public information officers) towards the applicants. The users do not know whom to turn to for assistance while filing an application. 3. Issues faced during information dissemination: These are the issues faced on the ââ¬Ësupplyââ¬â¢ side of the act. The biggest problem is providing information within the stipulated 30 days time. Currently, there are inadequate processes and m easures in place to monitor the adherence of PIOs to the deadlines in providing the requested information. The PIOs are challenged to provide the information within the stipulated time due to inadequate record management procedures. This challenge is further severed by non-availability of proper infrastructure. The obsolete record management procedures and limited use of IT is preventing the PIOs from timely dissemination of information. Another important issue is the inadequate training of PIOs in terms of both behaviour and in-depth understanding of RTI act. In addition, there is a lack of motivation for PIOs as there are no incentives to take up a PIO job while the penalties for non-compliance exist. There is a clause in the RTI act allowing for dissemination information on suo moto basis. The PIOs should make use of this clause and proactively give out information and eliminate the hassle of large number of RTI applications. However, most of the PIOs are not aware of this pro vision. Even in cases when suo moto information is being provided, the quality of information is quite low and is not regularly updated there by serving no purpose. 4. Passive role of the Government: There are no adequate mechanisms within the government authorities to implement the provisions of the act. Neither the Government not the Information commissions have ensured this basic minimum requirement for implementation of RTI act. During a survey by Price Water Coopers, it was found that most of the states do no maintain a centralized data base of RTI applicants[xxvi]. This leads to delay in providing data and puts the authorities in a situation where they cannot publish the accurate numbers of applications filed and applications processed. In addition, the pendency of RTI requests at the Information Commissions is huge. This leads to delay in processing of a RTI request. One of the important roles of Information Commission is to monitor the public authority and take steps t o ensure they comply with the act. However, this has been one of the weakest links of the RTI act so far. This is resulting in a large number of appeals there by wasting resources. There is an ambiguity about the roles and responsibilities of the State Governments and the Information commissions which is leading to wastage of time and resources and delay in addressing information requests. Government should take steps like creation of a knowledge resource centre, capacity building for training of PIOs, improving the motivation for PIOs and earmarking budget for implementing the recommendations. Effectiveness of the RTI Act The objective of the RTI Act (as enshrined in its preamble) is to establish a practical regime for citizens to access information held by Public Authorities. This in turn will lead to increased transparency and accountability at the Public Authorities. I. Establish a practical regime for citizens to access information: Civil society organizations, media and activists have contributed a lot in spreading the awareness of the Act amongst masses and also they have played a key role in training of PIOs AAs, making them aware of their roles and responsibilities. xxvii] However, in spite of tremendous government and social bodiesââ¬â¢ effort in spreading awareness of RTI and educating government officials about RTI, it was found in a survey that only 10% of PIOs scored above average on parameters associated with awareness about the Act[xxviii]. In a survey of applicants who received response to their information request, two thirds got some information and only half got full information[xxix]. About three fourths of the respondents told that PIOs were not cooperative in the process. One interesting fact came out that one third of 426 PIOs contacted didnââ¬â¢t know that they are PIOs! [xxx] II. Increased transparency and accountability at the Public Authorities RTI has become a powerful tool in the hands of citizen to fight against c orruption and have their rights. Study suggests that more and more information is sought from government bodies about their functioning, testing their fairness efficiency and highlighting any irregularities[xxxi]. Since, the Act came into effect it revolutionized the whole system and people are delighted to be equipped with the real power of freedom of information. Though there is substantial implementation of the Act, it still needs more ammunition so that the citizens can use it to the fullest. There is a need for enhanced accountability and clarity of roles in government bodies. There is a need for mass awareness, conducive environment emphasis on capacity building at central, state as well as district level. Government should improve efficiency of Information Commission and institutionalize third party audit, so as to maintain transparency and evaluate the success of RTI act in periodic manner[xxxii]. Interestingly there are sections of theà RTIà Act which act as mai n hurdles. These sections impede obtaining information related to process of investigation, personal information and information diverting the resources of public authority. Lessons Learnt â⬠¢ There should not be any variance in role/ownership among different departments of government after the fact that their roles are clearly defined in the Act. â⬠¢ There should be adequate planning at Public Authority level for identifying and addressing the constraints to ensure the citizens make full use of the new social innovation. There should not be any inadequate processes, infrastructure or resources for the organization to measure the extent of implementation of any social innovation. â⬠¢ Necessary government support should be provided to the authorities with detailed roles and responsibilities that are in alignment with the provisions of the Act. â⬠¢ Governments should organize educational programs in order to bring awareness of the new social innovation among its citize ns as only ââ¬Å"mediaâ⬠played a key role in bringing awareness in case of Right To Information Act to[xxxiii] o Only 12% of the women and 26% of the men Only 27% of the General category and 14% of the OBC/SC/ST categories o Only 13% of the rural population and 33% in urban population â⬠¢ Increase the number of channels through which a citizen can have access to the new social innovation. In the case of RTI, during payment of fee to receive information the citizen has to be presented physically even though the Act has no such restriction. â⬠¢ Adequate training should be given to all the employees who work towards the service of any new social innovation as the report from PWC on RTI shows that only 45% of Public PIOs have mentioned that they have not been trained on RTI[xxxiv]. Proper motivation should be cultivated among all the employees serving for the new social innovations â⬠¢ Information Technology should be effectively used in capturing the performance anal ysis of any new social Innovation. â⬠¢ Strictly adhere to the service levels that are stipulated in the Act i. e. , in the case of RTI the applicant should be provided the required information within 30 days of the petition. Appendix [pic] [pic][pic] [pic] References [i] https://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Right_to_Information_Act Article in Wikipedia on RTI Act [ii] https://www. ummies. com/how-to/content/putting-indias-right-to-information-act-to-good-us. html [iii] https://righttoinformation. gov. in/ [iv] https://www. rtiindia. org/guide/fundamental-facts-about-rti-2/what-is-right-to-information-6/ [v] www. rtiindia. org [vi] https://www. kabir. org. in/content/salientfeaturesofindia1. htm [vii] https://righttoinformation. gov. in/rti-act. pdf [viii] Salient features of RTI by Associate Prof R. K. Chowbisa of HCM Rajasthan State Institute of Public Administration, Jaipur at www. upacademy. org/presentationpdf/rti/RTI_SALIENT_FEATURES. ppt [ix] https://www. tiindia. org/guide/f undamental-facts-about-rti-2/time-limits-specified-in-the-rti-act-18/ [x] https://www. rtiindia. org/guide/fundamental-facts-about-rti-2/time-limits-specified-in-the-rti-act-18/ [xi] https://www. kabir. org. in/content/salientfeaturesofindia1. htm [xii] https://www. rti. org. in/Documents/Complete%20Article%20as%20one%20PDF. pdf [xiii] Samudra Gupta Kashyap in the Indian Express at https://www. indianexpress. com/story/254593. html [xiv] https://www. indiatogether. org/campaigns/parivartan/ [xv] https://www. kabir. org. in/indexx. htm [xvi] https://www. hesouthasian. org/archives/2006/post. html Article on the History of Right to Information [xvii] https://www. nyayabhoomi. org/treatise/history/history1. htm Article on the rising RTI in India [xviii] https://www. worldpress. org/asia/1014. cfm Interview with Aruna Roy and Nikhil Dey. Transparency and Poverty in India. [xix]https://www. humanrightsinitiative. org/programs/ai/rti/india/articles/The%20Movement%20for%20RTI%20in%20Ind ia. pdf Article: The Movement for Right to Information in India. Peopleââ¬â¢s power for the Control of Corruption ââ¬â Harsh Mander and Abha Joshi. xx] https://www. thesouthasian. org/archives/2006/post. html Article on the history of RTI [xxi] https://www. thesouthasian. org/archives/2006/post. html Article on the history of RTI [xxii] https://www. drc-citizenship. org/publications/InFocus/Rs_India_final1. pdf Winning the Right to Information campaign in India : Amita Baviskar [xxiii] https://www. rtiindia. org/forum/51999-more-awareness-needed-right-information-act. html Forum regarding issues in RTI implementation [xxiv] https://rti. gov. in/rticorner/studybypwc/key_issues. df Study of PWC on RTI act in India [xxv] https://rti. gov. in/rticorner/studybypwc/key_issues. pdf Study of PWC on RTI act in India [xxvi] https://rti. gov. in/rticorner/studybypwc/key_issues. pdf Article of PWC on issues in implementation of RTI act in India [xxvii] https://rti. gov. in/rticor ner/studybypwc/key_issues. pdf, Study of RTI by PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2009 [xxviii] https://cic. gov. in/CIC-Articles/TimesOfIndia-28092008. htm, The Times Of India Article, 28 Sep 2008, 0656 hrs IST,TNN [xxix] https://www. rtiindia. org/directory/uploads-2/interim-findings-of-the-peoples-r Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Information Act" essay for you Create order Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-48250901135950171862019-12-25T19:41:00.001-08:002019-12-25T19:41:03.950-08:00Organ Sales - 713 Words Selling Organs Many people are dying each day because of the lack of organs available. Waiting lists can be as long as 106,000 people. On an average 17 patients in need of transplants die each day. Is this fair to the families or is selling organs a better option? What are the benefits of organ selling and should it be made legal? By legalizing organ selling we would be saving lives. People sell organs on the black market every day; the downfall to this is that the surgeons that remove the organs are not always sanitary or certified. The article legalizing paid organs: pros and cons states ââ¬Å"Establishing a federal agency to oversee organ sales will cut dialysis costs and save lives, of both patients in need of new kidneys andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This meaning that the organ may have been stolen from an unwilling donor and then sold. It could also mean someone was murdered in order to harvest and sell the organs for the sake of profit. I personally feel that the y should legalize selling organs but it would need to be regulated. I feel that people selling the organs must first sign a waiver stating what organs they are willing to sell. They then would need to be harvested in a safe sanitary environment by a trainedShow MoreRelatedSale And Sale Of Human Organs1627 Words à |à 7 Pagesessay, I will argue that the establishment of a market for the sale and purchase of human organs would be morally unjustified. For the purposes of this paper, my argument will allow for the term ââ¬Å"marketâ⬠to be used in its literal, physical sense, as describing a public location for commercial interaction, as well as in reference to the concept of ââ¬Å"the marketâ⬠in regards to a general domain of economic activity, in this case involving organ selling. In such a manner, we can avoid possible contentionRead MoreEssay on Organ Sales1478 Words à |à 6 PagesOrgan Sales: Legalize for the Greater Good Every day, numerous people across the world stop their lives for four hours to get hooked up to a dialysis machine at a hospital nearby. This machine helps to remove harmful wastes, toxins, excess salt, and water from their body because unfortunately their body cannot do so for them. 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The idea that a personââ¬â¢s organ can be purchased online or through a dealer like a car is unethical and objectionable. Potential causes for the thriving Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5978339687527661652.post-9442254296491475032019-12-17T15:31:00.001-08:002019-12-17T15:31:02.958-08:00Personal Narrative My Old Neighborhood - 1153 Words Mohammed AlSawadi Prof-Buckely English 1-16 Sep14th, 2015 Personal Narrative 2 My Old Neighborhood Have you ever looked back to a something that you did in your neighborhood when you were child? Generally, when we just look back to a something that we did when we were child we have a strength feeling, and just starting to ask ourselves why we did that and how we did that. Most likely we cannot find answers to our questions because we cannot think how and why we acted childlike behavior after we became adult. I have an embarrassing story that happened to me when I was child and that happened to me with one of my best friends Meshal in our neighborhood. Unfortunately, I and my friend Meshal were naughty boys, so we put our parents in many embarrassing situations. Because of brat we did a bad and embarrassing something that caused my dad beating me and Meshal. In the summer of 2008, Meshal and I were very board. At that time, we were very interested in driving a car and our journey is driving a car. As 2008 was the first year that we can drive with our parentsââ¬â¢ permission. Nevertheless, we often toke our parentsââ¬â¢ car before that year without their permission and known even though we will be in terrible if they had known. However, I asked my dad to take the car and went out with my friend, and then ââ¬Å"take the car, but do not drive or touch your grandfatherââ¬â¢s carâ⬠my dad said. 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Having mostly grown up with my motherââ¬â¢s side of the family, also having my middle name being parallel to my grandmother on that side, and hearing he stories Ellis Besthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02531806416892216155noreply@blogger.com0